Eliot-Pearson Department of Child Development, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA.
Adv Child Dev Behav. 2011;41:69-88. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-386492-5.00004-x.
Hope has been studied within various disciplines since at least the 1950s, as researchers have attempted to describe, explain, and predict the association between human functioning and this seemingly vital-yet often abstract-construct. Recent work by Snyder and colleagues identified future goal orientation as a necessary component of hope. For developmental scientists, understanding the associations between hope and intentional self regulation strategies that may help young people achieve their goals could provide insight into the positive development of youth. In this chapter, we present a developmental systems framework for elucidating the links between hope and adaptive developmental outcomes, and we discuss recent research that provides evidence for the relationship between hopeful future expectations and thriving in the adolescent period. Finally, we provide guidelines for taking the next steps in not only assessing hope among diverse youth, but also in harnessing that hope for positive constructions of adolescents' pathways to adulthood.
自 20 世纪 50 年代以来，希望一直是各个学科的研究对象，因为研究人员试图描述、解释和预测人类功能与这一看似至关重要但通常又很抽象的结构之间的关系。Snyder 及其同事最近的研究确定了未来目标导向是希望的一个必要组成部分。对于发展科学家来说，了解希望与可能帮助年轻人实现目标的自主自我调节策略之间的关联，可以深入了解年轻人的积极发展。在本章中，我们提出了一个发展系统框架，以阐明希望与适应性发展结果之间的联系，我们还讨论了最近的研究为希望与青少年时期茁壮成长之间的关系提供了证据。最后，我们提供了指导方针，不仅可以评估不同青年的希望，还可以利用希望为青少年走向成年的途径进行积极建设。
