Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio 44691, USA.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2013 Mar;10(3):229-36. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2012.1293. Epub 2012 Dec 21.
Dairy cattle serve as a potential source for Campylobacter infection in humans. Outbreaks associated with consumption of either Campylobacter contaminated raw milk or contaminated milk after treatment were previously recorded in the United States. Further, starlings have been implicated in the spread of bacterial pathogens among livestock. Here, we determined the prevalence, genotypic, and phenotypic properties of Campylobacter isolated from fecal samples of dairy cattle and starlings found on the same establishment in northeastern Ohio. Campylobacter were detected in 83 (36.6%) and 57 (50.4%) out of 227 dairy and 113 starling fecal samples, respectively. Specifically, 79 C. jejuni, five C. coli, and two other Campylobacter spp. were isolated from dairy feces, while all isolates from starlings (n=57) were C. jejuni. Our results showed that the prevalence of C. jejuni in birds was significantly (p<0.01) higher than that in dairy cattle. The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis showed that C. jejuni were genotypically diverse and host restricted; however, there were several shared genotypes between dairy cattle and starling isolates. Likewise, many shared clonal complexes (CC) between dairy cattle and starlings were observed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis. As in humans, both in cattle and starlings, the CC 45 and CC 21 were the most frequently represented CCs. As previously reported, CC 177 and CC 682 were restricted to the bird isolates, while CC 42 was restricted to dairy cattle isolates. Further, two new sequence types (STs) were detected in C. jejuni from dairy cattle. Interestingly, cattle and starling C. jejuni showed high resistance to multiple antimicrobials, including ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and gentamicin. In conclusion, our results highlight starlings as potential reservoirs for C. jejuni, and they may play an important role in the epidemiology of clinically important C. jejuni in dairy population.
奶牛是人类中弯曲杆菌感染的潜在来源。在美国，先前曾记录过与食用受弯曲杆菌污染的生奶或经处理后受污染的牛奶有关的暴发事件。此外，椋鸟已被牵连到在牲畜中传播细菌病原体。在这里，我们确定了在俄亥俄州东北部同一地点从奶牛和椋鸟粪便样本中分离出的弯曲杆菌的流行率、基因型和表型特性。在 227 份奶牛粪便和 113 份椋鸟粪便样本中，分别检测到 83 份（36.6%）和 57 份（50.4%）的弯曲杆菌。具体而言，从奶牛粪便中分离出 79 株空肠弯曲杆菌、5 株大肠弯曲杆菌和 2 株其他弯曲杆菌属。而从椋鸟中分离出的所有菌株（n=57）均为空肠弯曲杆菌。我们的结果表明，鸟类中空肠弯曲杆菌的流行率明显（p<0.01）高于奶牛。脉冲场凝胶电泳分析表明，空肠弯曲杆菌具有遗传多样性和宿主特异性；然而，在奶牛和椋鸟分离株之间存在几种共享基因型。同样，通过多位点序列分型（MLST）分析，在奶牛和椋鸟之间也观察到许多共享克隆复合体（CC）。与人类一样，在奶牛和椋鸟中，CC45 和 CC21 是最常见的代表 CC。如前所述，CC177 和 CC682 仅限于鸟类分离株，而 CC42 仅限于奶牛分离株。此外，在空肠弯曲杆菌中还检测到两个新的序列类型（ST）。有趣的是，奶牛和椋鸟空肠弯曲杆菌对多种抗生素，包括环丙沙星、红霉素和庆大霉素具有高耐药性。总之，我们的研究结果突出了椋鸟是空肠弯曲杆菌的潜在储存库，它们可能在奶牛人群中重要的空肠弯曲杆菌的流行病学中发挥重要作用。
