Sassoon D A, Castro L C, Davis J L, Hobel C J
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
Obstet Gynecol. 1990 May;75(5):817-20.
The present study was conducted to determine whether triplet pregnancies are associated with a significantly worse perinatal outcome than twin pregnancies. Maternal and neonatal outcome was evaluated in 15 triplet and twin pregnancies that were matched for maternal age, race, type of medical insurance, delivery mode, parity, and history of previous preterm delivery. Preterm labor occurred significantly more often in triplet than in twin gestations (80 versus 40%), as did preterm delivery (87 versus 26.7%). Triplets had a significantly lower mean birth weight (1720 versus 2475 g) and gestational age at delivery (33 versus 36.6 weeks). In addition, 53.3% of triplet pregnancies but only 6.7% of twin pregnancies had one or more neonates with intrauterine growth retardation. Discordancy also occurred more frequently in triplets than in twins (66.7 versus 13.3%). The mean averaged neonatal hospital stay was significantly higher in triplets (29 versus 8.5 days), and triplets had a fivefold increased risk of requiring neonatal intensive care as compared with twins. However, there were no significant differences between the groups in maternal morbidity or major neonatal complications such as respiratory distress syndrome or intraventricular hemorrhage. We believe that these data will be useful in counseling patients with respect to the anticipated perinatal outcome of triplet pregnancies.
本研究旨在确定三胎妊娠的围产期结局是否比双胎妊娠明显更差。对15例三胎和双胎妊娠的孕产妇及新生儿结局进行了评估，这些妊娠在产妇年龄、种族、医疗保险类型、分娩方式、产次及既往早产史方面相匹配。三胎妊娠中早产 labor 的发生率显著高于双胎妊娠（80% 对 40%），早产 delivery 的发生率也是如此（87% 对 26.7%）。三胞胎的平均出生体重显著更低（1720克对2475克），分娩时的孕周也更低（33周对36.6周）。此外，53.3%的三胎妊娠有一个或多个新生儿存在宫内生长受限，而双胎妊娠中这一比例仅为6.7%。三胞胎中不一致情况的发生也比双胞胎更频繁（66.7% 对 13.3%）。三胞胎的新生儿平均住院时间显著更长（29天对8.5天），与双胞胎相比，三胞胎需要新生儿重症监护的风险增加了五倍。然而，两组在孕产妇发病率或主要新生儿并发症如呼吸窘迫综合征或脑室内出血方面没有显著差异。我们认为这些数据将有助于为患者提供有关三胎妊娠预期围产期结局的咨询。
