Sugama S, Takenouchi T, Fujita M, Kitani H, Conti B, Hashimoto M
Department of Physiology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan.
Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ohwashi 1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan.
Neuroscience. 2013 Mar 1;232:13-20. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.12.012. Epub 2012 Dec 20.
Our previous studies demonstrated that exposure of animals to acute stress immediately induced morphological microglial activation in the brain. Here we investigated the effects of adrenal corticoids on microglial activation following acute stress. We compared microglial activation in vivo in adrenalectomized (ADX), Sham-operated (SHM), and adrenalectomy plus corticosterone (CORT) administered rats exposed to a 2-h period of acute water restraint stress. We found that: (1) acute stress induced microglial activation in SHM rats; (2) acute stress robustly enhanced microglial activation in ADX rats; (3) CORT treatment significantly reduced the effects of adrenalectomy. Thus, while acute stress has the ability to activate microglia, the magnitude of activation is negatively regulated by CORT. Glucocorticoids may serve as an important endogenous suppressive signal limiting neuroinflammation that might otherwise occur during stress.
我们之前的研究表明，使动物暴露于急性应激下会立即在大脑中诱导小胶质细胞形态激活。在此，我们研究了肾上腺皮质激素对急性应激后小胶质细胞激活的影响。我们比较了接受肾上腺切除术（ADX）、假手术（SHM）以及接受肾上腺切除术加皮质酮（CORT）处理的大鼠在暴露于2小时急性水限制应激后体内小胶质细胞的激活情况。我们发现：（1）急性应激在SHM大鼠中诱导了小胶质细胞激活；（2）急性应激显著增强了ADX大鼠中的小胶质细胞激活；（3）CORT处理显著降低了肾上腺切除术的影响。因此，虽然急性应激有激活小胶质细胞的能力，但激活程度受到CORT的负调控。糖皮质激素可能作为一种重要的内源性抑制信号，限制可能在应激期间发生的神经炎症。
