Mannfeld S, Strauss A, Schulze A
Neonatologie am Perinatalzentrum München- Großhadern,1. Kinderklinik und Kinderpoliklinik Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol. 2012 Dec;216(6):269-76. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1323798. Epub 2012 Dec 21.
The aim of this study was to assess the developmental outcome of 7- to 9-year-old triplets and to determine parenting stress and quality of family life.
Cognitive development (Wechsler intelligence scales for children III, WISC III) and quality of family life (Kansas family life satisfaction scale, KFLSS; parenting stress index, PSI) of 48 triplets born between 1996 and 1998 at a perinatal centre were compared with controls born at a gestational age ≥37 weeks. Index and control children/mothers were matched by age (birthday: ±14 days/maternal age±2 years).
Triplets and their families showed a mean IQ score and parenting satisfaction and stress within the normal range. Full IQ score (97 SD 16) as well as verbal and performance IQs (102 SD 16; 92 SD 19) were significantly lower than the controls' corresponding data (full IQ 111 SD 15, p<0.001; verbal IQ 116 SD 21, p<0.001; performance IQ 102 SD 17, p=0.001). Parents of triplets tended to show a higher total PSI score (222 SD 39) than the parents of the controls (205 SD 47). The differences reached statistical significance only in the parent domain (triplets 125 SD 24; controls 111 SD 27; p<0.01). Satisfaction with family life was good in triplet families and did not differ significantly in any of the subscales from control parents' satisfaction.
This study demonstrates a favourable outcome of triplets with respect to their cognitive development and the quality of their families' lives at school age. The difference in children's IQ was statistically, but perhaps not clinically, significant, because the triplets' data were within the normal range.
本研究旨在评估7至9岁三胞胎的发育结果，并确定育儿压力和家庭生活质量。
将1996年至1998年在围产期中心出生的48名三胞胎的认知发展（韦氏儿童智力量表第三版，WISC III）和家庭生活质量（堪萨斯家庭生活满意度量表，KFLSS；育儿压力指数，PSI）与孕龄≥37周出生的对照组进行比较。索引组和对照组的儿童/母亲按年龄匹配（生日：±14天/母亲年龄±2岁）。
三胞胎及其家庭的平均智商得分、育儿满意度和压力均在正常范围内。全智商得分（97±16）以及语言和操作智商（102±16；92±19）显著低于对照组的相应数据（全智商111±15，p<0.001；语言智商116±21，p<0.001；操作智商102±17，p=0.001）。三胞胎的父母总PSI得分（222±39）往往高于对照组的父母（205±47）。差异仅在父母领域达到统计学意义（三胞胎125±24；对照组111±27；p<0.01）。三胞胎家庭对家庭生活的满意度良好，在任何子量表中与对照父母的满意度均无显著差异。
本研究表明，三胞胎在学龄期的认知发展和家庭生活质量方面有良好的结果。儿童智商的差异在统计学上有意义，但可能在临床上无意义，因为三胞胎的数据在正常范围内。
