Buynitzky S J, Wade A E, Munnell J F, Ragland W L
Drug Metab Dispos. 1978 Jan-Feb;6(1):1-7.
Hepatic drug metabolism in the chicken was investigated. White leghorn chickens were administered 20 mg of 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC) per kg 72 and 48 hr before killing. Levels of hepatic cytochrome P-450 were increased approximately 4-fold. In vitro ethylmorphine N-demethylase (ND) activity was enhanced approximately 1.7-fold, aniline hydroxylase (AH) was increased 2.5-fold, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase was increased 20-fold, and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase was unchanged. The Vmax was increased for both ND and AH activities, but the KM for demethylation was depressed whereas that for hydroxylation of aniline was increased. The metabolism of hexobarbital in vivo was not enhanced by 3MC treatment. In brief, the distinctive features of the hepatic mono-oxygenase system of the 3MC-treated chicken were: (a) enhanced ethylmorphine N-demethylase activity, (b) a shift in the Soret peak in the CO-difference spectrum of reduced cytochrome P-450 from the control value of 452 nm to 449 nm, and (c) proliferation and pronounced vesiculation of the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum as revealed by electron-microscopic examination.
对鸡的肝脏药物代谢进行了研究。在处死前72小时和48小时，给白来航鸡每千克体重注射20毫克的3-甲基胆蒽（3MC）。肝脏细胞色素P-450的水平增加了约4倍。体外乙基吗啡N-脱甲基酶（ND）活性增强了约1.7倍，苯胺羟化酶（AH）增加了2.5倍，芳烃羟化酶增加了20倍，而NADPH-细胞色素c还原酶未发生变化。ND和AH活性的Vmax均增加，但脱甲基作用的KM降低，而苯胺羟基化作用的KM增加。3MC处理并未增强体内己巴比妥的代谢。简而言之，经3MC处理的鸡的肝脏单加氧酶系统的显著特征为：（a）乙基吗啡N-脱甲基酶活性增强；（b）还原型细胞色素P-450的CO差光谱中的Soret峰从对照值452纳米移至449纳米；（c）电子显微镜检查显示肝脏内质网增殖并出现明显的小泡化。
