Kidney Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2013 Feb 15;304(4):F382-9. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00581.2012. Epub 2012 Dec 26.
A(1) adenosine receptors (A1AR) are required for the modulation of afferent arteriolar tone by changes in luminal NaCl concentration implying that extracellular adenosine concentrations need to change in synchrony with NaCl. The present experiments were performed in mice with a null mutation in the gene for the major equilibrative nucleoside transporter ENT1 to test whether interference with adenosine disposition by cellular uptake of adenosine may modify TGF characteristics. Responses of stop flow pressure (P(SF)) to maximum flow stimulation were measured in mice with either C57Bl/6 or SWR/J genetic backgrounds. Maximum flow stimulation reduced P(SF) in ENT1(-/-) compared with wild-type (WT) mice by 1.6 ± 0.4 mmHg (n = 28) and 5.8 ± 1.1 mmHg (n = 17; P < 0.001) in C57Bl/6 and by 1.4 ± 0.4 mmHg (n = 15) and 9 ± 1.5 mmHg (n = 9; P < 0.001) in SWR/J. Plasma concentrations of adenosine and inosine were markedly higher in ENT1(-/-) than WT mice (ado: 1,179 ± 78 and 225 ± 48 pmol/ml; ino: 179 ± 24 and 47.5 ± 9 pmol/ml). Renal mRNA expressions of the four adenosine receptors, ENT2, and adenosine deaminase were not significantly different between WT and ENT1(-/-) mice. No significant differences of glomerular filtration rate or mean arterial blood pressure were found while plasma renin concentration, and heart rates were significantly lower in ENT1(-/-) animals. In conclusion, TGF responsiveness is significantly attenuated in the absence of ENT1, pointing to a role of nucleoside transport in the NaCl-synchronous changes of extracellular adenosine levels in the juxtaglomerular apparatus interstitium.
(1) 腺苷受体(A1AR)对于管腔 NaCl 浓度变化引起的入球小动脉张力的调节是必需的,这意味着细胞外腺苷浓度需要与 NaCl 同步变化。本实验在主要核苷转运蛋白 ENT1 基因缺失的小鼠中进行,以测试细胞摄取腺苷对腺苷分布的干扰是否会改变 TGF 的特征。在 C57Bl/6 或 SWR/J 遗传背景的小鼠中,测量停止流动压力(P(SF))对最大流动刺激的反应。与野生型(WT)小鼠相比,ENT1(-/-)小鼠的最大流动刺激使 P(SF)降低了 1.6 ± 0.4 mmHg(n = 28)和 5.8 ± 1.1 mmHg(n = 17;P < 0.001),在 C57Bl/6 中降低了 1.4 ± 0.4 mmHg(n = 15)和 9 ± 1.5 mmHg(n = 9;P < 0.001)。ENT1(-/-) 小鼠的血浆腺苷和肌苷浓度明显高于 WT 小鼠(ado:1,179 ± 78 和 225 ± 48 pmol/ml;ino:179 ± 24 和 47.5 ± 9 pmol/ml)。WT 和 ENT1(-/-) 小鼠之间的四种腺苷受体、ENT2 和腺苷脱氨酶的肾 mRNA 表达没有显著差异。虽然血浆肾素浓度和心率显著降低,但未发现肾小球滤过率或平均动脉血压有显著差异。总之,在没有 ENT1 的情况下,TGF 反应性显著减弱,表明核苷转运在肾小体间质中细胞外腺苷水平的 NaCl 同步变化中起作用。