与使用中红外光谱法的人乳分析仪相比，人乳的 Creamatocrit 分析会高估脂肪和能量含量。
Creamatocrit analysis of human milk overestimates fat and energy content when compared to a human milk analyzer using mid-infrared spectroscopy.
机构信息
Neonatal Nutrition Research Laboratory, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA.
出版信息
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2013 May;56(5):569-72. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e31828390e4.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Human milk (HM) is the preferred feeding for human infants but may be inadequate to support the rapid growth of the very-low-birth-weight infant. The creamatocrit (CMCT) has been widely used to guide health care professionals as they analyze HM fortification; however, the CMCT method is based on an equation using assumptions for protein and carbohydrate with fat as the only measured variable. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that a human milk analyzer (HMA) would provide more accurate data for fat and energy content than analysis by CMCT.
METHODS
Fifty-one well-mixed samples of previously frozen expressed HM were obtained after thawing. Previously assayed "control" milk samples were thawed and also run with unknowns. All milk samples were prewarmed at 40°C and then analyzed by both CMCT and HMA. CMCT fat results were substituted in the CMCT equation to reach a value for energy (kcal/oz). Fat results from HMA were entered into a computer model to reach a value for energy (kcal/oz). Fat and energy results were compared by paired t test with statistical significance set at P < 0.05. An additional 10 samples were analyzed locally by both methods and then sent to a certified laboratory for quantitative analysis. Results for fat and energy were analyzed by 1-way analysis of variance with statistical significance set at P < 0.05.
RESULTS
Mean fat content by CMCT (5.8 ± 1.9 g/dL) was significantly higher than by HMA (3.2 ± 1.1 g/dL, P < 0.001). Mean energy by CMCT (21.8 ± 3.4 kcal/oz) was also significantly higher than by HMA (17.1 ± 2.9, P < 0.001). Comparison of biochemical analysis with HMA of the subset of milk samples showed no statistical difference for fat and energy, whereas CMCT was significantly higher than for both fat (P < 0.001) and energy (P = 0.002).
CONCLUSIONS
The CMCT method appears to overestimate fat and energy content of HM samples when compared with HMA and biochemical methods.
背景与目的
母乳（HM）是人类婴儿的首选喂养方式，但可能不足以支持极低出生体重婴儿的快速生长。乳脂球计数（CMCT）已被广泛用于指导医疗保健专业人员分析母乳强化；然而，CMCT 方法基于使用蛋白质和碳水化合物假设的方程，而脂肪是唯一测量的变量。本研究旨在检验以下假设，即人乳分析仪（HMA）比 CMCT 分析更能提供脂肪和能量含量的更准确数据。
方法
解冻后获得 51 份先前冷冻的表达母乳的充分混合样本。解冻先前测定的“对照”牛奶样本，并与未知样本一起运行。所有牛奶样本在 40°C 下预热，然后通过 CMCT 和 HMA 进行分析。CMCT 脂肪结果被代入 CMCT 方程以达到能量（千卡/盎司）值。HMA 的脂肪结果被输入计算机模型以达到能量（千卡/盎司）值。通过配对 t 检验比较脂肪和能量结果，统计学意义设定为 P<0.05。另外 10 个样本通过两种方法在本地进行分析，然后送到认证实验室进行定量分析。脂肪和能量结果通过单因素方差分析进行分析，统计学意义设定为 P<0.05。
结果
CMCT 测量的平均脂肪含量（5.8±1.9 g/dL）显著高于 HMA（3.2±1.1 g/dL，P<0.001）。CMCT 测量的平均能量（21.8±3.4 kcal/oz）也显著高于 HMA（17.1±2.9，P<0.001）。与 HMA 对牛奶样本子集的生化分析比较，脂肪和能量无统计学差异，而 CMCT 显著高于脂肪（P<0.001）和能量（P=0.002）。
结论
与 HMA 和生化方法相比，CMCT 方法似乎高估了母乳样本的脂肪和能量含量。
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