Bruce M L, Kim K, Leaf P J, Jacobs S
Department of Epidemiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
Am J Psychiatry. 1990 May;147(5):608-11. doi: 10.1176/ajp.147.5.608.
Using three waves of interviews from the New Haven Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program, the authors contrast the extent and nature of depressive episodes and dysphoria between newly bereaved (N = 39) and married (N = 1,047) respondents age 45 and older. Bereavement greatly increased the risk of both conditions. This observation did not appear to be an artifact because psychosocial risk factors were similar for the bereaved and married groups. Bereavement increased the risk for a depressive episode more among respondents who reported no prior dysphoria than among those who did. Among those meeting criteria for depression, the bereaved reported symptoms similar to those of the married group except for significantly fewer reports of guilt.
作者利用来自纽黑文流行病学集水区项目的三轮访谈，对比了45岁及以上新近丧偶者（N = 39）和已婚者（N = 1047）之间抑郁发作和烦躁不安的程度及性质。丧偶大大增加了这两种情况的风险。这一观察结果似乎并非人为因素所致，因为丧偶组和已婚组的社会心理风险因素相似。与有过烦躁不安经历的受访者相比，丧偶对之前没有烦躁不安经历的受访者造成抑郁发作的风险增加得更多。在符合抑郁症标准的人群中，丧偶者报告的症状与已婚组相似，只是内疚感的报告明显较少。
