Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Appetite. 2013 Apr;63:42-7. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2012.12.016. Epub 2012 Dec 28.
Pathological concern regarding one's weight and weight gain is a crucial feature of anorexia nervosa. Consequently, anorexia nervosa patients often claim that they are uncertain regarding the amount of food they should eat. The present study investigated whether individuals with anorexia nervosa show an altered estimation of meal portion sizes and whether this estimation is modulated by an intent-to-eat instruction (where patients are asked to imagine having to eat the presented meal), meal type and meal portion size. Twenty-four women with anorexia nervosa and 27 healthy women estimated, using a visual analogue scale, the size of six different portions of three different meals, with and without intent-to-eat instructions. Subjects with anorexia nervosa estimated the size of small and medium meal portions (but not large meal servings) as being significantly larger, compared to estimates of healthy controls. The overestimation of small meal portions by anorexia nervosa subjects was significantly greater in the intent-to-eat, compared to general, condition. These findings suggest that disturbed perceptions associated with anorexia nervosa not only include interoceptive awareness (i.e., body weight and shape), but also extend to external disorder-related objects such as meal portion size. Specific therapeutic interventions, such as training regarding meal portion evaluation, could address these difficulties.
对体重和体重增加的病态关注是神经性厌食症的一个关键特征。因此，神经性厌食症患者经常声称他们不确定应该吃多少食物。本研究调查了神经性厌食症患者是否表现出对膳食份量的估计改变，以及这种估计是否受到意向进食指令（要求患者想象必须吃所呈现的膳食）、膳食类型和膳食份量的调节。24 名神经性厌食症患者和 27 名健康女性使用视觉模拟量表估计了三种不同膳食的六种不同份量的大小，有和没有意向进食指令。与健康对照组的估计相比，神经性厌食症患者估计小和中份膳食的份量明显更大。与一般条件相比，神经性厌食症患者在意向进食时对小份膳食的高估明显更大。这些发现表明，与神经性厌食症相关的感知障碍不仅包括内脏感知（即体重和体型），还延伸到与外部紊乱相关的物体，如膳食份量。特定的治疗干预措施，如关于膳食份量评估的培训，可以解决这些困难。
