Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Prev Med. 2013;57 Suppl:S18-20. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.12.010. Epub 2012 Dec 28.
This study investigated rural women's knowledge of breast cancer and screening methods by ethnicity and examined the predictors of breast screening methods.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2011 in five rural districts of Perak; 959 women were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. ANOVA and regression analysis were used in data analysis.
Women below 50 years old, of Malay ethnicity and who had secondary education scored better than those older, of Chinese ethnicity and had primary education (p<0.001). The uptake of breast self-examination (BSE), clinical breast examination (CBE) and mammogram was 59%, 51% and 6.8%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed knowledge of breast cancer and CBE as top predictors of BSE, being married and knowledge of breast cancer as top predictors for CBE; and CBE as the top predictor of mammography uptake. Support from husbands and family members for breast cancer screening was a predictor for CBE and BSE.
Knowledge of breast cancer and its screening uptake varies by ethnicity, location and the type of support received. Efforts and approaches to improve the women's knowledge of breast cancer and its screening uptake therefore should be customized to address the different influencing factors.
本研究通过民族来调查农村妇女对乳腺癌和筛查方法的知识，并检验了乳腺癌筛查方法的预测因子。
2011 年在霹雳州的五个农村地区进行了一项横断面调查；使用半结构式问卷对 959 名妇女进行了访谈。数据分析采用方差分析和回归分析。
50 岁以下、马来族裔、受过中学教育的女性比年龄较大、华裔、受过小学教育的女性得分更高（p<0.001）。乳房自我检查（BSE）、临床乳房检查（CBE）和乳房 X 光检查的使用率分别为 59%、51%和 6.8%。多变量分析显示，对乳腺癌和 CBE 的了解是 BSE 的首要预测因素，已婚和对乳腺癌的了解是 CBE 的首要预测因素；CBE 是乳房 X 光检查使用率的首要预测因素。丈夫和家庭成员对乳腺癌筛查的支持是 CBE 和 BSE 的预测因素。
对乳腺癌的认识及其筛查的采用因民族、地点和所获得的支持类型而异。因此，提高妇女对乳腺癌及其筛查的认识和采用的努力和方法应该根据不同的影响因素进行定制。
