Dahlui Maznah, Gan Daniel Eng Hwee, Taib Nur Aishah, Pritam Ranjit, Lim Jennifer
Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Center, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(7):3443-9. doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.7.3443.
Despite health education efforts to educate women on breast cancer and breast cancer screening modalities, the incidence of breast cancer and presentation at an advanced stage are still a problem in Malaysia.
To determine factors associated with the uptake of breast cancer screening among women in the general population.
This pre-intervention survey was conducted in a suburban district. All households were approached and women aged 20 to 60 years old were interviewed with pre-tested guided questionnaires. Variables collected included socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge on breast cancer and screening practice of breast cancer. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed.
41.5% of a total of 381 respondents scored above average; the mean knowledge score on causes and risks factors of breast cancer was 3.41 out of 5 (SD1.609). 58.5% had ever practiced BSE with 32.5% performing it at regular monthly intervals. Uptake of CBE by nurses and by doctors was 40.7% and 37.3%, respectively. Mammogram uptake was 14.6%. Significant predictors of BSE were good knowledge of breast cancer (OR=2.654, 95% CI: 1.033-6.816), being married (OR=2.213, 95% CI: 1.201-4.076) and attending CBE (OR=1.729, 95% CI: 1.122-2.665). Significant predictors for CBE included being married (OR=2.161, 95% CI: 1.174-3.979), good knowledge of breast cancer (OR=2.286, 95% CI: 1.012-5.161), and social support for breast cancer screening (OR=2.312, 95% CI: 1.245-4.293). Women who had CBE were more likely to undergo mammographic screening of the breast (OR=5.744, 95% CI: 2.112-15.623), p<0.005.
CBE attendance is a strong factor in promoting BSE and mammography, educating women on the importance of breast cancer screening and on how to conduct BSE. The currently opportunistic conduct of CBE should be extended to active calling of women for CBE.
尽管开展了健康教育活动，向女性普及乳腺癌及乳腺癌筛查方式的相关知识，但在马来西亚，乳腺癌的发病率以及晚期病例的出现仍是个问题。
确定普通人群中女性接受乳腺癌筛查的相关影响因素。
这项干预前调查在一个郊区进行。研究人员走访了所有家庭，并使用经过预测试的指导性问卷对20至60岁的女性进行了访谈。收集的变量包括社会人口学特征、乳腺癌知识以及乳腺癌筛查实践情况。进行了单因素和多因素分析。
在总共381名受访者中，41.5%的得分高于平均分；乳腺癌病因和危险因素的平均知识得分在5分制中为3.41分（标准差1.609）。58.5%的女性曾进行过乳房自我检查，其中32.5%的女性每月定期进行。护士进行临床乳房检查（CBE）的比例为40.7%，医生进行的比例为37.3%。乳房X光检查的接受率为14.6%。乳房自我检查的显著预测因素包括对乳腺癌有良好的了解（比值比[OR]=2.654，95%置信区间[CI]：1.033 - 6.816）、已婚（OR=2.213，95% CI：1.201 - 4.076）以及接受过临床乳房检查（OR=1.729，95% CI：1.122 - 2.665）。临床乳房检查的显著预测因素包括已婚（OR=2.161，95% CI：1.174 - 3.979）、对乳腺癌有良好的了解（OR=2.286，95% CI：1.012 - 5.161）以及乳腺癌筛查的社会支持（OR=2.312，95% CI：1.245 - 4.293）。接受过临床乳房检查的女性更有可能接受乳房X光筛查（OR=5.744，95% CI：2.112 - 15.623），p<0.005。
接受临床乳房检查是促进乳房自我检查和乳房X光检查的一个重要因素，能让女性了解乳腺癌筛查的重要性以及如何进行乳房自我检查。目前临床乳房检查的机会性开展方式应扩展为主动邀请女性进行临床乳房检查。
