周围神经病中轴索运输障碍：从住院医师杰克的发现到近期的贡献。
Axonal transport disruption in peripheral nerve disease: From Jack's discoveries as a resident to recent contributions.
机构信息
Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
出版信息
J Peripher Nerv Syst. 2012 Dec;17 Suppl 3(0 3):46-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1529-8027.2012.00431.x.
Many neurodegenerative diseases and neuropathies have been proposed to be caused by a disruption of axonal transport. However, the mechanisms whereby impaired transport causes disease remain unclear. Proposed mechanisms include impairment in delivery of organelles such as mitochondria, defective retrograde neurotrophic signaling, and disruption of the synaptic vesicle cycle within the synaptic terminal. Simple model organisms such as the fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster, allow live imaging of axonal transport to be combined with high-throughput genetic screens and are providing insights into the pathophysiology of peripheral nerve diseases.
许多神经退行性疾病和神经病变被认为是由轴突运输中断引起的。然而，运输受损导致疾病的确切机制尚不清楚。提出的机制包括细胞器（如线粒体）的输送受损、逆行神经营养信号的缺陷，以及突触末梢内突触小泡循环的破坏。简单的模式生物，如黑腹果蝇，允许对轴突运输进行活体成像，同时结合高通量遗传筛选，为周围神经疾病的病理生理学提供了新的见解。
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