Gehlot Prateek S, Chaturvedi Shashikant, Kashyap Rahul, Singh Vivek
Assistant Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, R.D. Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India.
J Clin Diagn Res. 2012 Nov;6(9):1534-8. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2012/4618.2552.
Tuberculosis is the commonest of the infections world wide and it can affect almost any part of the body, most commonly the thorax. The spine is affected in 50 % of the cases of skeletal tuberculosis. A tuberculous infection of the spine causes a bony destruction and collapse of the vertebrae, with a gibbus deformity, skip lesions, an intervertebral disc involvement, an epidural abscess, a paravertebral abscess and oedema in the soft tissue planes. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the most valuable investigation in the patients with spinal tuberculosis, as it can clearly demonstrate all of the above findings.
In this study, the MRI scans of 70 known cases of tuberculosis of the spine, which were done in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, R.D.Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, India, were retrospectively analyzed, to determine the pattern of occurrence of various pathological lesions.
It was found in this study, that Pott's spine was most commonly observed in the 21-50 years age group, with a male predominance. The dorsal and the lumbar vertebrae are commonly involved and multiple vertebrae were often affected, the L3 vertebra being the commonest. An intervertebral disc involvement and pre and paravertebral collections were commonly seen, with an epidural collection occurring in more than 75 % of the cases. Cord oedema was noted in 10% of the cases.
The MRI scan is highly sensitive in the detection of various pathological processes of Pott's spine and the patterns of occurrence of these findings were analyzed in this study. Since the incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis are dependent on various epidemiologically sensitive parameters, this study can provide a benchmark, against which the results of studies which will be done in the future can be compared.
结核病是全球最常见的感染性疾病，可累及身体几乎任何部位，最常见的是胸部。脊柱结核占骨结核病例的50%。脊柱结核感染会导致椎体骨质破坏和塌陷，伴有驼背畸形、跳跃性病变、椎间盘受累、硬膜外脓肿、椎旁脓肿以及软组织平面水肿。磁共振成像（MRI）是脊柱结核患者最有价值的检查方法，因为它能清晰显示上述所有表现。
本研究回顾性分析了印度印多尔R.D.加尔迪医学院放射诊断科70例已知脊柱结核病例的MRI扫描结果，以确定各种病理病变的发生模式。
本研究发现，波特氏脊柱最常见于21至50岁年龄组，男性居多。胸椎和腰椎常受累，多个椎体常受影响，L3椎体最常见。常可见椎间盘受累以及椎前和椎旁积液，超过75%的病例出现硬膜外积液。10%的病例有脊髓水肿。
MRI扫描对波特氏脊柱各种病理过程的检测高度敏感，本研究分析了这些表现的发生模式。由于结核病的发病率和患病率取决于各种流行病学敏感参数，本研究可提供一个基准，用于比较未来研究的结果。
