Wang Nan, Wang Shuai, Wang Qing-He, Dong Pei-Bo, Li Cui-Lan, Zhang Jin-Jing, Gao Qiang, Zhao Yi-Dong
College of Resource and Environmental Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi. 2012 Oct;32(10):2853-7.
A 20 years (1984-2004) stationary field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of long-term application of chemical fertilizers (N or NPK) alone or in combination with low (0.125 kg x hm(-2)) or high dose of corn stalk (0.25 kg x hm(-2)) on organic carbon functional groups in black soil using synchrotron radiation soft X-ray near-edge absorption spectroscopy (C-1s NEXAFS). Compared with the control (CK) treatment, the aromatic C and the carboxyl C of soil increased, whereas the aliphatic C, the carbonyl C and the aliphatic C/aromatic C ratio decreased after the application of chemical fertilizer alone. After the application of chemical fertilizations in combined with corn stalk, the aromatic C decreased while the aliphatic C and the aliphatic C/aromatic C ratio increased as compared to N or NPK fertilizer treatment. And the change tendency was more obvious with the increase in the dose of corn stalk applied. Regardless of corn stalk application, the aromatic C, the aliphatic C, and the aliphatic C/aromatic C ratio were all higher for NPK than for N fertilizer treatment. The above results indicated that, compared with the no-fertilizer control treatment, the application of chemical fertilizers alone resulted in the relative proportion of aromatic compounds increased whereas that of aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds decreased. On the other hand, the relative proportion of the aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds was higher after the application of chemical fertilizers with than without corn stalk, with high than with low dose of corn stalk, and with NPK than with N fertilization. C-1s NEXAFS spectroscopy could characterize in situ the changes of organic carbon functional groups in soil under long-term stationary fertilization.
进行了一项为期20年（1984 - 2004年）的定位田间试验，以利用同步辐射软X射线近边吸收光谱法（C-1s NEXAFS）评估长期单独施用化肥（氮肥或氮磷钾复合肥）或与低剂量（0.125 kg·hm⁻²）或高剂量玉米秸秆（0.25 kg·hm⁻²）配施对黑土有机碳官能团的影响。与对照（CK）处理相比，单独施用化肥后，土壤的芳香碳和羧基碳增加，而脂肪碳、羰基碳以及脂肪碳/芳香碳比值降低。在化肥与玉米秸秆配施后，与氮肥或氮磷钾复合肥处理相比，芳香碳减少，而脂肪碳和脂肪碳/芳香碳比值增加。并且随着玉米秸秆施用量的增加，这种变化趋势更加明显。无论是否施用玉米秸秆，氮磷钾复合肥处理的芳香碳、脂肪碳以及脂肪碳/芳香碳比值均高于氮肥处理。上述结果表明，与不施肥的对照处理相比，单独施用化肥导致芳香族化合物的相对比例增加，而脂肪烃化合物的相对比例降低。另一方面，施用化肥并添加玉米秸秆后，脂肪烃化合物的相对比例更高，高剂量玉米秸秆处理高于低剂量处理，氮磷钾复合肥处理高于氮肥处理。C-1s NEXAFS光谱能够原位表征长期定位施肥条件下土壤有机碳官能团的变化。
