Housden R J, Arujuna A, Ma Y, Nijhof N, Gijsbers G, Bullens R, O'Neill M, Cooklin M, Rinaldi C A, Gill J, Kapetanakis S, Hancock J, Thomas M, Razavi R, Rhode K S
Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, UK.
Med Image Comput Comput Assist Interv. 2012;15(Pt 2):25-32. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-33418-4_4.
Minimally invasive cardiac surgery is made possible by image guidance technology. X-ray fluoroscopy provides high contrast images of catheters and devices, whereas 3D ultrasound is better for visualising cardiac anatomy. We present a system in which the two modalities are combined, with a trans-esophageal echo volume registered to and overlaid on an X-ray projection image in real-time. We evaluate the accuracy of the system in terms of both temporal synchronisation errors and overlay registration errors. The temporal synchronisation error was found to be 10% of the typical cardiac cycle length. In 11 clinical data sets, we found an average alignment error of 2.9 mm. We conclude that the accuracy result is very encouraging and sufficient for guiding many types of cardiac interventions. The combined information is clinically useful for placing the echo image in a familiar coordinate system and for more easily identifying catheters in the echo volume.
图像引导技术使微创心脏手术成为可能。X射线荧光透视提供导管和器械的高对比度图像，而三维超声更有利于观察心脏解剖结构。我们展示了一个将这两种模式相结合的系统，其中经食管超声容积实时配准并叠加在X射线投影图像上。我们从时间同步误差和叠加配准误差两方面评估该系统的准确性。发现时间同步误差为典型心动周期长度的10%。在11个临床数据集中，我们发现平均对准误差为2.9毫米。我们得出结论，该准确性结果非常令人鼓舞，足以指导多种类型的心脏介入手术。组合信息在临床上有助于将超声图像置于熟悉的坐标系中，并更易于在超声容积中识别导管。
