Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2013 Mar;24(2):130-5. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0b013e32835cfe92.
Current medical treatments designed to halt the progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in glaucoma are limited by low bioavailability to target tissues and lack of patient adherence to frequent dosing regimens. For a certain percentage of patients with glaucoma, reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) does not stop disease progression, motivating the search for new therapeutic targets and delivery systems.
The emerging science of nanoparticles has the potential to address the current limitations of glaucoma therapy by improving drug bioavailability, exploiting IOP-independent targets such as RGC neuroprotection, and optimizing gene therapy as a more permanent treatment for glaucoma.
We review the recent advances in nanoparticle-based glaucoma therapy with a focus on drug delivery to the eye, as well as novel applications including gene therapy.
目的综述：目前旨在阻止青光眼患者视网膜神经节细胞（RGC）进行性丧失的医学治疗方法受到靶向组织生物利用度低和患者对频繁给药方案依从性差的限制。对于一定比例的青光眼患者来说，降低眼内压（IOP）并不能阻止疾病的进展，这促使人们寻找新的治疗靶点和输送系统。
最新发现：纳米颗粒这一新兴科学有可能通过提高药物生物利用度、利用与 IOP 无关的靶点（如 RGC 神经保护），以及优化基因治疗作为青光眼更持久的治疗方法，来解决当前青光眼治疗的局限性。
总结：我们综述了基于纳米颗粒的青光眼治疗的最新进展，重点介绍了眼部药物输送以及包括基因治疗在内的新应用。
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