Zuppiroli A, Favilli S, Risoli A, Cecchi F, Ciaccheri M, Manetti A, Mori F, Dolara A
Servizio di Cardiologia San Luca, Ospedale di Careggi, Firenze.
G Ital Cardiol. 1990 Feb;20(2):161-6.
The results of many studies on the prevalence of mitral valve prolapse have been greatly influenced by the diagnostic methods and criteria adopted as well as by population selection. The method of choice today is 2d-echocardiography because of its ability to highlight both movement anomaly (i.e. functional prolapse) and any eventual morphological variations of the mitral valve (i.e. anatomic prolapse). The latter (chordae lengthening, thickening and overabundance of the leaflets, dilation of the valvular ring) are, nowadays, considered especially important even as predictive factors of complications. Therefore we studied the prevalence of these two types of prolapse in a population of 420 university students. Functional mitral valve prolapse was found in 27/420 (6.4%) and anatomical prolapse in 2 cases (0.5%). No auscultatory finding was present in 24/27 patients with functional prolapse. There was no correlation between the two types of mitral valve prolapse and the body mass index, the fractional shortening of the left ventricle and symptoms (dyspnea, palpitations, precordial pain, dizziness). We think that the distinction between the two types of mitral valve prolapse should prove very useful for the comparison of results in future epidemiological studies. Follow-up of both groups of patients will hopefully clarify the usefulness of such distinction from the clinical point of view.
许多关于二尖瓣脱垂患病率的研究结果受到所采用的诊断方法和标准以及人群选择的极大影响。如今，首选方法是二维超声心动图，因为它能够突出运动异常（即功能性脱垂）以及二尖瓣的任何最终形态变化（即解剖学脱垂）。后者（腱索延长、增厚和瓣叶过多、瓣环扩张）如今甚至被视为并发症的预测因素，尤为重要。因此，我们在420名大学生群体中研究了这两种类型脱垂的患病率。在420人中发现功能性二尖瓣脱垂27例（6.4%），解剖学脱垂2例（0.5%）。27例功能性脱垂患者中有24例无听诊发现。两种类型的二尖瓣脱垂与体重指数、左心室缩短分数及症状（呼吸困难、心悸、心前区疼痛、头晕）之间均无相关性。我们认为，两种类型二尖瓣脱垂的区分对于未来流行病学研究结果的比较应非常有用。对两组患者的随访有望从临床角度阐明这种区分的有用性。
