Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
Transplant Rev (Orlando). 2013 Jan;27(1):21-9. doi: 10.1016/j.trre.2012.11.003. Epub 2013 Jan 3.
Pancreatic islet transplantation is an attractive option for treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus but maintaining long term islet function remains challenging. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), derived from bone marrow or other sources, are being extensively investigated in the clinical setting for their immunomodulatory and tissue regenerative properties. Indeed, MSCs have been already tested in some feasibility studies in the context of islet transplantation. MSCs could be utilized to improve engraftment of pancreatic islets by suppressing inflammatory damage and immune mediated rejection. In addition to their immunomodulatory effects, MSCs are known to provide a supportive microenvironmental niche by secreting paracrine factors and depositing extracellular matrix. These properties could be used for in vivo co-transplantation to improve islet engraftment, or for in vitro co-culture to prime freshly isolated islets prior to implantation. Further, tissue specific pancreatic islet derived MSCs may open new opportunities for its use in islet transplantation as those cells might be more physiological to pancreatic islets.
胰岛移植是治疗 1 型糖尿病的一种有吸引力的选择，但长期维持胰岛功能仍然具有挑战性。间充质基质细胞（MSCs）来源于骨髓或其他来源，因其免疫调节和组织再生特性，在临床环境中得到了广泛研究。事实上，MSCs 已经在胰岛移植的一些可行性研究中进行了测试。MSCs 可以通过抑制炎症损伤和免疫介导的排斥反应来改善胰岛的移植。除了免疫调节作用外，MSCs 通过分泌旁分泌因子和沉积细胞外基质来提供支持性的微环境小生境。这些特性可用于体内共移植以改善胰岛的移植，或用于体外共培养以在植入前对新分离的胰岛进行预培养。此外，组织特异性胰岛衍生的 MSCs 可能为其在胰岛移植中的应用开辟新的机会，因为这些细胞可能对胰岛更具有生理学意义。
