Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
J Dermatol. 2013 Mar;40(3):182-7. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.12036. Epub 2013 Jan 7.
Occupational hand eczema is frequent in hospital workers, especially in nurses. A comprehensive understanding regarding hand eczema is essential for establishing proper prevention and treatment strategies. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for hand eczema in hospital nursing staffs. A self-administered questionnaire study was performed on hospital nursing staffs at a single general hospital in Korea. In addition, 70 patients with hand eczema underwent patch testing. Five hundred and twenty-five of 700 invited nurses completed the study (response rate, 75.0%). The overall frequency of symptom-based hand eczema was 75.6%, and self-reported hand eczema was 31.0%. Risk factors for hand eczema were young age, history of atopic dermatitis, frequent hand washing (>20 times/day) and long duration of glove wearing (>5 min). Hand eczema was less frequent among frequent hand moisturizer users (>3-4 times/day). Positive patch test reactions were observed in 61.4%. Frequent allergens were nickel sulfate (35.7%), cobalt chloride (28.6%) and thiomersal (21.4%). Among various antibiotics, ciprofloxacin (11.4%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (11.4%) and gentamicin (7.1%) were revealed as common allergens, in order of frequency. Hand eczema is quite common among hospital nursing staffs. Proper preventive programs and educations are demanded.
职业性手部湿疹在医院工作人员中很常见，尤其是护士。对手部湿疹有全面的了解对于制定适当的预防和治疗策略至关重要。本研究旨在确定医院护理人员手部湿疹的危险因素。在韩国的一家综合医院对医院护理人员进行了一项自我管理的问卷调查研究。此外，对 70 名手部湿疹患者进行了斑贴试验。在 700 名受邀护士中，有 525 名完成了这项研究（应答率为 75.0%）。症状性手部湿疹的总频率为 75.6%，自述手部湿疹为 31.0%。手部湿疹的危险因素为年龄较小、特应性皮炎病史、频繁洗手（>20 次/天）和长时间戴手套（>5 分钟）。经常使用手部保湿剂（>3-4 次/天）的患者手部湿疹发生频率较低。斑贴试验阳性反应率为 61.4%。常见的过敏原为硫酸镍（35.7%）、氯化钴（28.6%）和硫柳汞（21.4%）。在各种抗生素中，环丙沙星（11.4%）、甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲噁唑（11.4%）和庆大霉素（7.1%）的过敏反应频率较高。医院护理人员中手部湿疹很常见。需要制定适当的预防计划和教育措施。
