Compton Susan R, Paturzo Frank X, Smith Peter C, Macy James D
Section of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2012 Nov;51(6):775-80.
The goal of the current studies was to determine the risk of transmission of mouse parvovirus (MPV) by caging and husbandry practices. To determine whether MPV can be transmitted during cage changes in a biologic safety cabinet without the use of disinfectants, 14 cages of Swiss Webster mice were inoculated with MPV. Cages containing infected mice were interspersed among 14 cages housing naïve Swiss Webster mice. At 1, 2, and 4 wk after inoculation of the mice, cages were changed across each row. All naïve mice housed adjacent to infected mice remained seronegative. To determine the risk of environmental contamination, nesting pads that were used to sample the room floor during husbandry procedures at 1, 2, 4, and 6 wk after inoculation of the mice were placed in cages with naïve mice. None of the mice exposed to the pads became MPV seropositive. To determine whether components from cages that had housed MPV-infected mice could transmit MPV, Swiss Webster mice were exposed to soiled bedding or used cages, drinking valves, food, cage bottoms, wire bars and filter tops, nesting material, or shelters. With the exception of drinking valves, all mice exposed to other components became MPV seropositive. Fourteen cages that had housed MPV-infected mice were washed but not autoclaved; mice housed in the washed cages did not become MPV seropositive. In conclusion, all cage components can serve as fomites, with the drinking valve being the least risky. Cage washing alone was sufficient to remove or inactivate MPV.
当前研究的目的是确定通过笼养和饲养方式传播小鼠细小病毒（MPV）的风险。为了确定在不使用消毒剂的生物安全柜中更换笼子时MPV是否会传播，给14笼瑞士韦伯斯特小鼠接种了MPV。装有感染小鼠的笼子穿插安置在14笼饲养未接触过病毒的瑞士韦伯斯特小鼠的笼子之间。在给小鼠接种后的第1、2和4周，逐行更换笼子。所有与感染小鼠相邻饲养的未接触过病毒的小鼠仍为血清阴性。为了确定环境污染的风险，将在给小鼠接种后第1、2、4和6周饲养过程中用于采集房间地面样本的垫料放入装有未接触过病毒的小鼠的笼子中。接触这些垫料的小鼠均未出现MPV血清学阳性。为了确定曾饲养过感染MPV小鼠的笼子的部件是否能传播MPV，让瑞士韦伯斯特小鼠接触脏垫料或用过的笼子、饮水阀、食物、笼底、金属丝笼条和过滤笼顶、垫料或庇护所。除饮水阀外，所有接触其他部件的小鼠均出现MPV血清学阳性。对14个曾饲养过感染MPV小鼠的笼子进行了清洗但未进行高压灭菌；饲养在清洗过的笼子里的小鼠未出现MPV血清学阳性。总之，所有笼子部件都可能成为传染媒介，其中饮水阀风险最小。仅通过笼子清洗就足以去除或灭活MPV。
