Institute for Social Research, Oslo, Norway. Idunn.brekke@ samfunnsforskning.no
Scand J Public Health. 2013 Mar;41(2):166-73. doi: 10.1177/1403494812472005. Epub 2013 Jan 7.
The authors sought to estimate differences in doctor-certified sickness absence during pregnancy among immigrant and native women.
Population-based cohort study of pregnant women attending three Child Health Clinics in Groruddalen, Oslo, and their offspring. Questionnaire data were collected at gestational weeks 10-20 and 28. The participation rate was 74%. A multivariate Poisson regression was used to analyse differences in sickness absence in pregnancy between immigrant and native women.
A total of 573 women who were employed prior to their pregnancies were included, 51% were immigrants. After adjusting for age, years of education, marital status, number of children, occupation, part-time/full-time work, health status, severe pregnancy-induced emesis and language proficiency, the immigrant/native differences in number of weeks with sickness absence decreased from 2.0 to 1.2 weeks. Part-time/full-time work, health status, severe pregnancy-induced emesis and language proficiency were significant predictors of sickness absence.
Immigrant women had higher sickness absence than native women during pregnancy. The difference in average number of weeks between native and immigrant women was partly explained by poorer health status prior to pregnancy, severe pregnancy-induced emesis and poorer proficiency in the Norwegian language among the immigrant women.
作者旨在评估移民和本地女性在怀孕期间医生证明的病假差异。
这是一项基于人群的队列研究，研究对象为在奥斯陆格罗鲁德达尔的三个儿童健康诊所就诊的孕妇及其子女。在妊娠 10-20 周和 28 周时收集问卷调查数据。参与率为 74%。采用多变量泊松回归分析移民和本地女性在怀孕期间病假差异。
共纳入了 573 名在怀孕前有工作的女性，其中 51%是移民。调整年龄、受教育年限、婚姻状况、子女数量、职业、兼职/全职工作、健康状况、严重妊娠剧吐和语言熟练程度后，移民/本地女性病假周数的差异从 2.0 周减少到 1.2 周。兼职/全职工作、健康状况、严重妊娠剧吐和语言熟练程度是病假的显著预测因素。
怀孕期间移民女性的病假比本地女性多。本地和移民女性平均病假周数的差异部分归因于移民女性在怀孕前健康状况较差、严重妊娠剧吐和挪威语熟练程度较低。
