Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
Conscious Cogn. 2013 Mar;22(1):155-66. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2012.12.004. Epub 2013 Jan 5.
The sense of agency (SA) is the perception of willfully causing something to happen. Wegner and Wheatley (1999) proposed three prerequisites for SA: temporal contiguity between an action and its effect, congruence between predicted and observed effects, and exclusivity (absence of competing causal explanations). We investigated how temporal contiguity, congruence, and the order of two human agents' actions influenced SA on a task where participants rated feelings of self-agency for producing a tone. SA decreased when tone onsets were delayed, supporting contiguity as important, but the order of the agents' actions (lead, follow, or simultaneous) also mattered. Relative contiguity was the main determinant of SA, as delayed tones were usually attributed to the most recent action. This was unaffected by contingencies between the two actors' actions (Experiment 2), showing that contiguity has a powerful influence on SA, even during joint action in the presence of other cues.
主体感（SA）是对有意导致某事发生的感知。韦格纳和惠特利（1999 年）提出了主体感的三个前提条件：动作与其效果之间的时间连续性、预测效果与观察到的效果之间的一致性以及排他性（没有竞争的因果解释）。我们研究了时间连续性、一致性以及两个人类行为者的行为顺序如何影响在一项任务中的主体感，在该任务中，参与者对产生音调的自我主体感进行评分。当音高起始时延迟时，SA 会降低，这支持了连续性的重要性，但行为者的行为顺序（领先、跟随或同时）也很重要。相对连续性是 SA 的主要决定因素，因为延迟的音高通常归因于最近的动作。这不受两个行为者之间动作的偶然性（实验 2）的影响，这表明即使在存在其他线索的联合行动中，连续性对 SA 也有很强的影响。
