Blanco-Metzler Adriana, Montero-Campos María de Los Ángeles, Núñez-Rivas Hilda, Gamboa-Cerda Cecilia, Sánchez Germana
Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud (INCIENSA), Tres Ríos, Cartago, Costa Rica.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2012 Oct;32(4):316-20. doi: 10.1590/s1020-49892012001000011.
This article describes the progress-as well as the challenges and limitations-in reducing salt intake in Costa Rica. The National Plan to Reduce Public Consumption of Salt/Sodium in Costa Rica 2011 - 2021 was complemented with multisectoral programs and projects specifically designed to: 1) determine sodium intake and the salt/sodium content of the most widely consumed foods; identify the consumer knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors with regard to salt/sodium, their relationship to health, and nutritional labeling; evaluate the cost-effectiveness of measures aimed at reducing the incidence of hypertension; 2) implement strategies to reduce the salt/sodium content of processed foods and foods prepared at home; 3) promote behavioral changes in the population to reduce salt in people's diets; and 4) monitor and evaluate action geared to reducing salt/sodium intake in the population. Meeting the proposed targets will require successful interinstitutional coordination among the strategic actors, the negotiation of commitments with the food industry and food services, and tighter regulation of critical nutrients in foods associated with chronic noncommunicable diseases. Given the progress made during the implementation of the National Plan, Costa Rica is expected to meet the international goal of reducing salt intake.
本文介绍了哥斯达黎加在减少盐摄入量方面取得的进展以及面临的挑战和限制。《2011 - 2021年哥斯达黎加减少公众盐/钠消费量国家计划》得到了多部门计划和项目的补充，这些计划和项目专门旨在：1）确定钠摄入量以及最广泛消费食品的盐/钠含量；确定消费者对盐/钠的知识、态度和行为，它们与健康的关系以及营养标签；评估旨在降低高血压发病率的措施的成本效益；2）实施降低加工食品和家庭烹饪食品盐/钠含量的策略；3）促进民众行为改变以减少饮食中的盐摄入量；4）监测和评估旨在减少民众盐/钠摄入量的行动。要实现提议的目标，需要战略行为体之间成功进行机构间协调，与食品行业和食品服务部门协商承诺，并加强对与慢性非传染性疾病相关食品中关键营养素的监管。鉴于在实施国家计划期间取得的进展，预计哥斯达黎加将实现减少盐摄入量的国际目标。
