Korean Motherisk Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Centre, Kwandong University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Planta Med. 2013 Jan;79(2):97-101. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1328102. Epub 2013 Jan 8.
Maternal intake of licorice from dietary sources has been associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. We prospectively studied the outcome of 185 singleton pregnancies who took over-the-counter or naturopathic formulations containing licorice during their pregnancy, and 370 age-matched singleton pregnant controls that were not exposed to any potential teratogen. The indication in 56.8% of the women taking licorice was for cough and cold control, with the maximum dose of 2104 mg/day and exposure occurring between the 4th day and 25th week of gestation. The rate of stillbirths was marginally higher among women who took licorice than those who did not (OR = 7.9; 95% CI 0.9-71.5; p = 0.048), and significantly higher when compared to the general population in the Republic of Korea (OR = 13.3; 95% CI 4.9-35.8; p < 0.001). Other fetal outcomes assessed in the study were similar between the two study groups, e.g., the OR of major malformations was 3.9 (95% CI 0.4-43.5; p = 0.27). In conclusion, the present study suggests that licorice is not a major teratogen. However, whether licorice may increase the risk of stillbirths requires careful consideration in further studies with a larger sample size.
母体从饮食中摄入甘草与不良的母婴和胎儿结局有关。我们前瞻性地研究了 185 例单胎妊娠的结局，这些孕妇在怀孕期间服用了非处方或顺势疗法的甘草制剂，370 例年龄匹配的单胎妊娠对照孕妇未接触任何潜在致畸剂。56.8%服用甘草的孕妇的用药指征是止咳和治疗感冒，最大剂量为 2104 毫克/天，暴露于甘草的时间在妊娠第 4 天至第 25 周之间。与未服用甘草的孕妇相比，服用甘草的孕妇死胎率略高（OR=7.9；95%CI 0.9-71.5；p=0.048），与韩国的一般人群相比，死胎率显著更高（OR=13.3；95%CI 4.9-35.8；p<0.001）。研究中评估的其他胎儿结局在两组之间相似，例如，主要畸形的 OR 为 3.9（95%CI 0.4-43.5；p=0.27）。总之，本研究表明甘草不是主要的致畸剂。然而，甘草是否会增加死胎的风险，需要在进一步的研究中用更大的样本量进行仔细考虑。
