Carr Roxane R, Ensom Mary H H
Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia ; Department of Pharmacy, Children's and Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2003 Apr;8(2):86-96. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-8.2.86.
Puberty, a part of adolescence, is a time of rapid physical, psychological, and psychosocial changes. Variability in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion occurs due to physical and hormonal changes, as well as those of body composition. Environmental factors affecting nutrition and compliance in the pubescent individual also affect success in achieving desired pharmacologic effects while minimizing toxicities. Based on available data, pharmacologic research has been relatively inadequate in providing information about drug disposition during puberty. The majority of available studies have neglected to provide staging for pubescent adolescents or have altogether excluded this population from their investigations. However, data are available that describe the effects of puberty on the pharmacokinetics of agents such as theophylline, digoxin, carbamazepine, lamotragine, vigabatrin and benzodiazepines.To date, few clinically significant changes in drug disposition have been noted during puberty. However, factors such as compliance, concomitant drug use, and the potentially rebellious nature of adolescents must be taken into consideration in the medical management of the adolescent.
青春期作为青少年时期的一部分，是一个身体、心理和社会心理快速变化的时期。由于身体和激素变化以及身体组成的变化，药物的吸收、分布、代谢和排泄会出现差异。影响青春期个体营养和依从性的环境因素，在实现预期药理作用同时将毒性降至最低方面也会影响成效。基于现有数据，药理学研究在提供青春期药物处置信息方面相对不足。大多数现有研究要么没有对青春期青少年进行分期，要么在研究中完全排除了这一人群。然而，有数据描述了青春期对诸如茶碱、地高辛、卡马西平、拉莫三嗪、氨己烯酸和苯二氮䓬类药物药代动力学的影响。迄今为止，青春期期间在药物处置方面几乎没有发现具有临床意义的变化。然而，在青少年的医疗管理中，必须考虑到依从性、同时使用的药物以及青少年潜在的叛逆性格等因素。
