Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7.
Neural Plast. 2012;2012:627816. doi: 10.1155/2012/627816. Epub 2012 Dec 6.
To perform strictly unilateral movements, the brain relies on a large cortical and subcortical network. This network enables healthy adults to perform complex unimanual motor tasks without the activation of contralateral muscles. However, mirror movements (involuntary movements in ipsilateral muscles that can accompany intended movement) can be seen in healthy individuals if a task is complex or fatiguing, in childhood, and with increasing age. Lateralization of movement depends on complex interhemispheric communication between cortical (i.e., dorsal premotor cortex, supplementary motor area) and subcortical (i.e., basal ganglia) areas, probably coursing through the corpus callosum (CC). Here, we will focus on transcallosal interhemispheric inhibition (IHI), which facilitates complex unilateral movements and appears to play an important role in handedness, pathological conditions such as Parkinson's disease, and stroke recovery.
为了执行严格的单侧运动，大脑依赖于一个大型的皮质和皮质下网络。该网络使健康成年人能够在不激活对侧肌肉的情况下执行复杂的单手运动任务。然而，如果任务复杂或疲劳、在儿童期或随着年龄的增长，健康个体可能会出现镜像运动（伴随有意运动的同侧肌肉的不自主运动）。运动的偏侧化取决于皮质（即背侧运动前皮质、辅助运动区）和皮质下（即基底神经节）区域之间复杂的半球间通讯，可能通过胼胝体（CC）进行。在这里，我们将重点介绍胼胝体间的半球间抑制（IHI），它促进复杂的单侧运动，似乎在手性、帕金森病等病理状况和中风恢复中发挥重要作用。
