Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Int J Hyperthermia. 2013;29(1):71-8. doi: 10.3109/02656736.2012.756124.
This study aimed to investigate two readily available electrophilic reagents, acetyl chloride (AcCl), and acetic anhydride (Ac(2)O), for their potential in tissue ablation.
Reagents were diluted in diglyme as solutions up to 8 mol/L and tested in a gel phantom with NaOH solutions and ex vivo in porcine liver. Temperature, pH, and volume measurements were obtained. Infrared and gross pathological images were obtained in bisected specimens immediately after injection.
AcCl was much more reactive than Ac(2)O and AcCl was therefore used in the tissue studies. Temperature increases of up to 37°C were noted in vitro and 30°C in ex vivo tissues using 4 mol/L AcCl solutions. Experiments at 8 mol/L were abandoned due to the extreme reactivity at this higher concentration. A change in pH of up to 4 log units was noted with 4 mol/L solutions of AcCl with slight recovery over time. Ablated volumes were consistently higher than injected volumes.
Reaction of electrophiles in tissues shows promise as a new thermochemical ablation technique by means of only a single reagent. Further studies in this area are warranted.
本研究旨在探讨两种易得的亲电试剂——乙酰氯（AcCl）和乙酸酐（Ac(2)O）——在组织消融中的潜在应用。
将试剂在二甘醇中稀释至 8mol/L 以下的溶液，并在含有 NaOH 溶液的凝胶模型中以及在猪的离体肝脏中进行测试。测量温度、pH 值和体积。在注入后立即对半切开的标本进行红外和大体病理图像采集。
AcCl 的反应性远强于 Ac(2)O，因此在组织研究中使用 AcCl。在体外使用 4mol/L AcCl 溶液时，温度可升高至 37°C，而在离体组织中可升高至 30°C。由于在较高浓度下的极端反应性，8mol/L 的实验被放弃。使用 4mol/L 的 AcCl 溶液时，pH 值可发生高达 4 个对数单位的变化，随着时间的推移会有轻微的恢复。消融体积始终高于注射体积。
通过仅使用一种试剂，亲电试剂在组织中的反应有望成为一种新的热化学消融技术。该领域的进一步研究是必要的。
