Sheets H David, Bush Peter J, Bush Mary A
Department of Physics, Canisius College, 2001 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14208, USA.
J Forensic Sci. 2013 Jan;58(1):60-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02293.x.
An understanding of the variability of the anterior human dentition is essential in bitemark analysis. A collection of 1099 3D laser scans of paired maxillary and mandibular arches were studied using geometric morphometric methods. Analyses were performed without scale (shape only) and with scale (shape and size). Specimens differing by no more than experimentally obtained measurement error were counted as matches, or as indistinguishable. A total of 487 maxillary (396 size preserved), 131 mandibular (83 size preserved), and one paired dentition (two size preserved) matches were found. Principal component analysis and partial least squares revealed interpretable patterns of variation and covariation in dental shape, principally dominated by variation in dental arch width. The sensitivity of match rate to assumed degree of measurement error was also determined showing rapid increases in match rate as measurement error increased. In conclusion, the concept of dental uniqueness with regard to bitemark analysis should be approached with caution.
了解人类前牙列的变异性在咬痕分析中至关重要。使用几何形态测量方法研究了1099对上下颌牙弓的三维激光扫描数据。分析分别在无比例（仅形状）和有比例（形状和大小）的情况下进行。差异不超过实验获得的测量误差的标本被视为匹配或无法区分。共发现487对上颌牙列（保留396个大小数据）、131对下颌牙列（保留83个大小数据）和一对完整牙列（保留两个大小数据）匹配。主成分分析和偏最小二乘法揭示了牙齿形状变异和协变的可解释模式，主要由牙弓宽度的变异主导。还确定了匹配率对假定测量误差程度的敏感性，结果表明随着测量误差的增加，匹配率迅速上升。总之，在咬痕分析中，应谨慎对待牙齿唯一性的概念。
