Marcinkowski Jerzy T, Edbom-Kolarz Anna, Bajek Anna, Wojtyła Andrzej, Leppert Jerzy, Zagożdżon Paweł, Kolarzyk Emilia, Bryl Wiesław, Hoffmann Karolina
Chair of Social Medicine, Department of Hygiene, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2012;19(4):732-7.
Recently, an increase has been observed in the number of patients suffering from diseases which are the consequence of an anti-health life style; therefore it is necessary to undertake proper actions in this area, including those addressed to hospital staff.
The study covered the staff from the following hospitals: 1) hospitals in Östergötland County, Sweden, and 2) the Ludwik Perzyna Regional Polyclinical Hospital in Kalisz, Poland. The studies were conducted in parallel in Sweden and in Poland during the fourth quarter 2010. The research instrument was a questionnaire form.
The following measures should be undertaken by the staff of Polish hospitals: an increase in the consumption of fruit and vegetables, physical activity, organization of workshops aimed at the shaping of skills of coping with stress and relieving stress, assistance in reducing body weight and increasing physical activity. Obligatory breaks at work should be introduced for the consumption of meals and intake of beverages, including water, promotion of fluid replacement would reduce fatigue. An obligatory lunchtime would allow each employee to consume a decent meal, and consequently have respite away from one's own work activities. In order to have a well-functioning staff an employer should, in his/her own interest, decrease potential sick absenteeism, provide incentives for motor activity, e.g. by the organization of groups, reduction of weekly working time on behalf of documented physical activity, or financial support for the purchase of tickets for various forms of physical exercises. Promotion of collective exercise, e.g. common nordic walking for 30 min. during lunch, competition in the largest number of steps made. Promotion of healthy nutrition by the preparation of recipes for meals, several exemplary healthy meals in the form of a healthy alternative breakfast. During this event, a basket of fruit is provided, instead of cakes and sweets.
最近，因不良生活方式导致患病的患者数量有所增加；因此，有必要在这一领域采取适当行动，包括针对医院工作人员的行动。
1）比较瑞典和波兰医院工作人员自我报告的健康状况和生活方式，以及这些员工将目前生活方式转变为更有益健康生活方式的动机。2）根据瑞典医院健康促进领域的经验，介绍在波兰实施这些改变的可能性。
该研究涵盖了以下医院的工作人员：1）瑞典东约特兰省的医院，以及2）波兰卡利什的路德维克·佩尔齐纳地区综合医院。2010年第四季度，瑞典和波兰同时开展了研究。研究工具为问卷形式。
波兰医院工作人员应采取以下措施：增加水果和蔬菜的摄入量、进行体育活动、组织旨在培养应对压力和缓解压力技能的工作坊、协助减轻体重和增加体育活动。应规定工作期间的强制休息时间用于用餐和饮用包括水在内的饮品，推广补充水分可减轻疲劳。规定午餐时间将使每位员工能够享用一顿丰盛的饭菜，从而从自身工作活动中得到休息。为了拥有高效的员工队伍，雇主应出于自身利益减少潜在的病假缺勤情况，通过组织团体活动等方式激励体育活动，减少代表有记录体育活动的每周工作时间，或为购买各种体育锻炼门票提供经济支持。推广集体锻炼，例如午餐期间共同进行30分钟的北欧健走，开展步数最多竞赛。通过制定餐食食谱来推广健康营养，提供几份以健康替代早餐形式的典型健康餐食。在此活动期间，提供一篮子水果，而非蛋糕和糖果。
1）瑞典医疗保健机构工作人员的生活方式比波兰更有益于健康。2）有可能将医疗保健机构员工的生活方式转变为更有益于健康的方式。瑞典在这一领域已成功做出改变；因此，值得在波兰实施这些瑞典经验，它们在波兰的情况下也可能发挥作用。3）企业健康促进的基础早已为人所知；然而，鉴于比较研究表明这些基础在瑞典更为先进，波兰雇主有必要更加关注这一问题，并对瑞典在该领域的经验产生兴趣。
