Graham Laura A
Walkergate Park Centre for Neurorehabilitation and Neuropsychiatry, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;110:113-20. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52901-5.00010-1.
In the past 20 years there have been many changes in the way that neurological rehabilitation is delivered worldwide. This is in part a reflection of improved acute medical therapies and intensive care and also related to the development of a more holistic approach to recovery, embracing the principles of the WHO International Classification of Functioning as a model for rehabilitation. Traditionally, rehabilitation services have tended to develop piecemeal according to local resources and need. By definition such services should be driven by a patient-centered approach and thus there is wide variety in service provision nationally and internationally. This chapter describes the background to current service set-ups and provision, exploring models of rehabilitation delivery and common presentations in neurological rehabilitation. Relevant legislation and guidance documents are reviewed. The text provides an overview of different aspects of rehabilitation services including acute and inpatient provision, outpatient services, community-based rehabilitation, residential facilities, and vocational services.
在过去20年里，全球范围内神经康复的提供方式发生了许多变化。这部分反映了急性医疗疗法和重症监护的改善，也与采用更全面的康复方法的发展有关，这种方法以世界卫生组织《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》的原则作为康复模式。传统上，康复服务往往根据当地资源和需求零散地发展。根据定义，此类服务应以患者为中心，因此在国内和国际上服务提供存在很大差异。本章描述了当前服务设置和提供的背景，探讨了康复服务模式以及神经康复中的常见表现。对相关立法和指导文件进行了审查。本文概述了康复服务的不同方面，包括急性和住院服务、门诊服务、社区康复、住宿设施和职业服务。
