Department of Earth, Life and Environmental Sciences, Urbino University Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2013 May;55:248-56. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.12.049. Epub 2013 Jan 8.
Hydroxytyrosol (HyT) is a polyphenol primarily released in olive mill wastewater and in olive oil. In animal and cell model studies, HyT and its metabolites have strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, as well as beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system and in several human diseases. Differently, many researchers reported that HyT down-regulates tumor cell viability and cell cycle progression, and induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis. In this study we have investigated the effects of HyT and the corresponding ester hydroxytyrosyl laurate in U937 cells, a human monocytoid cell line, and in C2C12 myoblasts, a murine proliferating muscle cell model, after apoptotic death induction. Inverted, light and transmission electron microscopy have been utilized to characterize cell death patterns. H2O2, at the concentrations known to induce apoptosis, was utilized as cell death trigger. The results obtained show that laur-HyT has a protective antioxidant effect against H2O2 treatment, greater than HyT, so having a role in the prevention of apoptotic death in normal and tumor cells. These data suggest these compounds as good candidate for novel therapeutic strategies.
羟基酪醇（HyT）是一种主要在橄榄厂废水中和橄榄油中释放的多酚。在动物和细胞模型研究中，HyT 及其代谢物具有很强的抗氧化和抗菌活性，对心血管系统和多种人类疾病也有有益的影响。然而，许多研究人员报告称，HyT 下调肿瘤细胞活力和细胞周期进程，并诱导活性氧（ROS）的产生和细胞凋亡。在这项研究中，我们研究了 HyT 及其相应的酯羟基酪醇月桂酸酯在 U937 细胞（一种人类单核细胞系）和 C2C12 成肌细胞（一种增殖的鼠肌肉细胞模型）中的作用，这些细胞在诱导凋亡后死亡。我们利用倒置、明场和透射电子显微镜来描述细胞死亡的模式。H2O2 是已知能诱导细胞凋亡的浓度，被用作细胞死亡的触发剂。研究结果表明，月桂酸-HyT 对 H2O2 处理具有抗氧化保护作用，强于 HyT，因此在正常和肿瘤细胞的凋亡死亡预防中具有作用。这些数据表明这些化合物是新型治疗策略的良好候选物。
