Dept of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy.
Eur Respir J. 2013 Sep;42(3):826-43. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00074712. Epub 2013 Jan 11.
Due to climate change and other factors, air pollution patterns are changing in several urbanised areas of the world, with a significant effect on respiratory health both independently and synergistically with weather conditions; climate scenarios show Europe as one of the most vulnerable regions. European studies on heatwave episodes have consistently shown a synergistic effect of air pollution and high temperatures, while the potential weather-air pollution interaction during wildfires and dust storms is unknown. Allergen patterns are also changing in response to climate change, and air pollution can modify the allergenic potential of pollens, especially in the presence of specific weather conditions. The underlying mechanisms of all these interactions are not well known; the health consequences vary from decreases in lung function to allergic diseases, new onset of diseases, exacerbation of chronic respiratory diseases, and premature death. These multidimensional climate-pollution-allergen effects need to be taken into account in estimating both climate and air pollution-related respiratory effects, in order to set up adequate policy and public health actions to face both the current and future climate and pollution challenges.
由于气候变化和其他因素，世界上几个城市化地区的空气污染模式正在发生变化，这对呼吸系统健康产生了重大影响，这种影响既独立于天气条件，又与天气条件协同作用；气候情景表明欧洲是最脆弱的地区之一。欧洲关于热浪事件的研究一直表明，空气污染和高温之间存在协同作用，而野火和沙尘暴期间潜在的天气-空气污染相互作用尚不清楚。过敏原模式也在气候变化的影响下发生变化，空气污染可以改变花粉的致敏潜力，特别是在存在特定天气条件的情况下。所有这些相互作用的潜在机制还不是很清楚；这些相互作用的健康后果从肺功能下降到过敏性疾病、新发病、慢性呼吸道疾病恶化以及过早死亡等不一而足。在估计与气候和空气污染相关的呼吸影响时，需要考虑这些多维度的气候-污染-过敏原效应，以便制定适当的政策和公共卫生措施，应对当前和未来的气候和污染挑战。
