Department of Neonatology, The National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2013 Sep;98(5):F388-91. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2012-302623. Epub 2013 Jan 12.
To compare the efficacy of low-flow oxygen, low-flow air and sham treatment given via nasal cannulae in preventing desaturation (falls in oxygen saturation (SpO2)) in preterm infants.
Infants born at <33 weeks gestation receiving gas at flow rates <1 l/min via nasal cannulae were eligible for inclusion. Enrolled infants received three treatments-0.1 l/min 100% oxygen, 0.1 l/min air, (21% oxygen) and sham (tubing disconnected from flow-meter)-via nasal cannulae, each for 3 h. Treatments were given in a randomly assigned order and caregivers were masked to treatment. Infants were monitored with a pulse oximeter that recorded SpO2 and heart rate every 2 s. Treatment was stopped before 3 h if infants reached prespecified failure criteria. We compared the rates of failure and the frequency and duration of desaturation episodes that occurred during each treatment.
Of 14 infants enrolled, 2 (14%) reached failure criteria during treatment with oxygen compared with 7 (50%) during treatment with air and sham. Among infants who completed the 3-h study periods, there were fewer episodes and shorter duration of desaturation with oxygen compared with air and sham.
At a flow rate of 0.1 l/min via nasal cannulae, air is no better than sham treatment in preventing desaturation in preterm infants, while 100% oxygen is superior to both.
比较经鼻导管给予低流量氧气、低流量空气和假处理对预防早产儿低氧血症（血氧饱和度下降）的疗效。
接受流量<1 l/min 的经鼻导管给气的<33 周早产儿有资格入选。入组婴儿接受三种治疗-0.1 l/min 100%氧气、0.1 l/min 空气（21%氧气）和假（管与流量计断开）-经鼻导管，每种治疗持续 3 小时。治疗以随机顺序给予，护理人员对治疗情况不知情。用脉搏血氧仪监测婴儿，每 2 秒记录一次 SpO2 和心率。如果婴儿达到预定的失败标准，治疗在 3 小时前停止。我们比较了每种治疗的失败率以及发生的低氧血症发作的频率和持续时间。
14 名入组婴儿中，2 名（14%）在氧气治疗期间达到失败标准，而 7 名（50%）在空气和假治疗期间达到失败标准。在完成 3 小时研究期的婴儿中，与空气和假治疗相比，氧气治疗的低氧血症发作次数更少，持续时间更短。
在经鼻导管 0.1 l/min 的流速下，空气与假治疗相比，在预防早产儿低氧血症方面并不优于假治疗，而 100%氧气则优于两者。
