Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA, USA.
Front Neural Circuits. 2013 Jan 7;6:111. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2012.00111. eCollection 2012.
Studies of behavioral and neural responses to distorted auditory feedback (DAF) can help shed light on the neural mechanisms of animal vocalizations. We describe an apparatus for generating real-time acoustic feedback. The system can very rapidly detect acoustic features in a song and output acoustic signals if the detected features match the desired acoustic template. The system uses spectrogram-based detection of acoustic elements. It is low-cost and can be programmed for a variety of behavioral experiments requiring acoustic feedback or neural stimulation. We use the system to study the effects of acoustic feedback on birds' vocalizations and demonstrate that such an acoustic feedback can cause both immediate and long-term changes to birds' songs.
对变形听觉反馈（DAF）的行为和神经反应的研究有助于揭示动物发声的神经机制。我们描述了一种用于产生实时声反馈的设备。该系统可以非常快速地检测歌曲中的声学特征，如果检测到的特征与期望的声学模板匹配，则可以输出声学信号。该系统使用基于声谱图的声学元素检测。它成本低，可针对需要声反馈或神经刺激的各种行为实验进行编程。我们使用该系统研究声反馈对鸟类发声的影响，并证明这种声反馈可以立即和长期改变鸟类的歌声。
