Azodo C C, Chukwumah N M, Ezeja E B
Dpt of Periodontics, University of Benin, Nigeria.
Odontostomatol Trop. 2012 Sep;35(139):41-6.
To determine the incidence and causes of dentoalveolar abscess among children attending an outpatient dental clinic in Nigeria.
This is a retrospective study of paediatric dental patients treated in University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City from October 2010 to September 2011.
The incidence of dentoalveolar abscess was 6.4% (53/824). However only 42 cases had their case notes retrieved for final research analysis. It occurred mostly in the lower right quadrant of the mouth. The affected children were majorly males and first or second child of monogamous family. A total 17 (40.5%) of the affected children were in the 6-11 years age group. This was the first dentist consultation among 35 (83.3%) of the children. The presenting complaint was toothache among two-thirds of the children. History of asthma, tonsillitis, peptic ulcer disease and previous surgery were medical history elicited from 6 (14.3) of the patients. The most implicated tooth was deciduous first molar. The causes of abscess include untreated dental caries 35 (83.3%), trauma 5 (11.9%), failed restoration 1 (2.4%) and periodontal diseases 1 (2.4%). Periapical radioluscency was predominant radiological finding among affected children. Tooth extraction was commonest treatment done.
The incidence of dentoalveolar abscess among children was significant. The high frequency of untreated dental caries as the cause of dentoalveolar abscess indicates the need for school and community-based preventive strategies like encouraging infant oral health and preventive dentistry programs and early treatment intervention and dental health education.
确定尼日利亚一家门诊牙科诊所就诊儿童牙牙槽脓肿的发病率及病因。
这是一项对2010年10月至2011年9月在贝宁城贝宁大学教学医院接受治疗的儿科牙科患者的回顾性研究。
牙牙槽脓肿的发病率为6.4%（53/824）。然而，仅42例患者的病历被检索出来用于最终研究分析。脓肿大多发生在口腔的右下象限。受影响的儿童主要为男性，是一夫一妻制家庭的第一个或第二个孩子。共有17名（40.5%）受影响儿童年龄在6至11岁之间。这是35名（83.3%）儿童的首次看牙医经历。三分之二的儿童就诊主诉为牙痛。6名（14.3%）患者有哮喘、扁桃体炎、消化性溃疡病病史及既往手术史。最常受累的牙齿是乳磨牙。脓肿的病因包括未经治疗的龋齿35例（83.3%）、外伤5例（11.9%）、修复失败1例（2.4%）和牙周疾病1例（2.4%）。根尖周透射影是受影响儿童最主要的影像学表现。拔牙是最常见的治疗方式。
儿童牙牙槽脓肿的发病率较高。未经治疗的龋齿作为牙牙槽脓肿病因的高发生率表明，需要开展基于学校和社区的预防策略，如鼓励婴儿口腔健康和预防牙科项目以及早期治疗干预和口腔健康教育。
