Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA.
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2013;114:251-76. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-386933-3.00007-8.
G protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) was initially identified as an orphan receptor through mining the human genome databases. In 2005, GPR120 was deorphanized and shown to be a receptor for long-chain free fatty acids. GPR120 regulates various physiological processes, including gut hormone secretion, islet function, food preference, osteoclastogenesis, anti-inflammation, adipogenesis, and appetite control. Recently, a human genetic study conducted in European populations identified a loss-of-function GPR120 mutation associated with obesity and insulin resistance. Therefore, GPR120, the sensing receptor for long-chain free fatty acids, represents a novel drug target for the treatment of obesity and diabetes.
G 蛋白偶联受体 120（GPR120）最初是通过挖掘人类基因组数据库鉴定为孤儿受体。2005 年，GPR120 被去孤儿化，被证明是长链游离脂肪酸的受体。GPR120 调节各种生理过程，包括肠道激素分泌、胰岛功能、食物偏好、破骨细胞生成、抗炎、脂肪生成和食欲控制。最近，在欧洲人群中进行的一项人类遗传研究发现，一种与肥胖和胰岛素抵抗相关的 GPR120 失功能突变。因此，长链游离脂肪酸的感应受体 GPR120 代表了治疗肥胖和糖尿病的新型药物靶点。
