Lu Kai, Gordon Richard, Cao Tong
Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan.
J Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2015 Mar;9(3):169-73. doi: 10.1002/term.1672. Epub 2013 Jan 14.
The formation of relevant biological structures poses a challenge for regenerative medicine. During embryogenesis, embryonic cells differentiate into somatic tissues and undergo morphogenesis to produce three-dimensional organs. Using stem cells, we can recapitulate this process and create biological constructs for therapeutic transplantation. However, imperfect imitation of nature sometimes results in in vitro artifacts that fail to recapitulate the function of native organs. It has been hypothesized that developing cells may self-organize into tissue-specific structures given a correct in vitro environment. This proposition is supported by the generation of neo-organoids from stem cells. We suggest that morphogenesis may be reverse engineered to uncover its interacting mechanical pathway and molecular circuitry. By harnessing the latent architecture of stem cells, novel tissue-engineering strategies may be conceptualized for generating self-organizing transplants.
相关生物结构的形成对再生医学提出了挑战。在胚胎发育过程中，胚胎细胞分化为体细胞组织并经历形态发生以产生三维器官。利用干细胞，我们可以重现这一过程并创建用于治疗性移植的生物构建体。然而，对自然的不完美模仿有时会导致体外假象，无法重现天然器官的功能。据推测，在正确的体外环境下，发育中的细胞可能会自组织成组织特异性结构。干细胞产生新类器官支持了这一观点。我们认为，可以对形态发生进行逆向工程，以揭示其相互作用的机械途径和分子回路。通过利用干细胞的潜在结构，可以构思出用于生成自组织移植体的新型组织工程策略。
