Witold Stefanski Institute of Parasitology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2013 Jan;6(1):53-68. doi: 10.1177/1756283X12454590.
Gut microbiota is a compilation of microorganisms dwelling in the entire mammalian gastrointestinal tract. They display a symbiotic relationship with the host contributing to its intestinal health and disease. Even a slight fluctuation in this equipoise may be deleterious to the host, leading to many pathological conditions like Clostridium difficile infection or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this review, we focus on the role of microbial dysbiosis in initiation of C. difficile infection and IBD, and we also touch upon the role of specific pathogens, particularly C. difficile, as causative agents of IBD. We also discuss the molecular mechanisms activated by C. difficile that contribute to the development and exacerbation of gastrointestinal disorders.
肠道微生物群是栖息在整个哺乳动物胃肠道中的微生物的集合。它们与宿主共生，有助于宿主的肠道健康和疾病。即使这种平衡稍有波动，也可能对宿主有害，导致许多病理状况，如艰难梭菌感染或炎症性肠病（IBD）。在这篇综述中，我们重点讨论了微生物失调在艰难梭菌感染和 IBD 发病中的作用，还探讨了特定病原体（特别是艰难梭菌）作为 IBD 病因的作用。我们还讨论了艰难梭菌激活的分子机制，这些机制有助于胃肠道疾病的发展和恶化。
