Nachtigall L E, Nachtigall L B
New York University School of Medicine.
Geriatrics. 1990 May;45(5):24-9, 33-4.
Heart disease is the leading cause of mortality and a major cause of morbidity in women in the United States. Premenopausal and postmenopausal risk factors for cardiac disease must be reduced to protect women from this major health hazard. The main coronary risk factors for premenopausal women are hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and diabetes. Postmenopausal women have these risk factors in addition to a lack of estrogen. Most studies have shown that replacing estrogen in the menopausal woman reduces cardiovascular disease, probably by increasing HDL and decreasing LDL.
在美国，心脏病是女性死亡的主要原因，也是发病的主要原因。必须降低绝经前和绝经后女性患心脏病的风险因素，以保护女性免受这一重大健康危害。绝经前女性的主要冠状动脉风险因素是高血压、吸烟、高脂血症、肥胖和糖尿病。绝经后女性除了缺乏雌激素外，也有这些风险因素。大多数研究表明，绝经后女性补充雌激素可能通过增加高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和降低低密度脂蛋白（LDL）来降低心血管疾病的发病率。
