Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing, Jiangsu P.R. China.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2013 Apr;9(4):805-7. doi: 10.4161/hv.23302. Epub 2013 Jan 15.
Traditional non-gastrointestinal vaccines can prevent effectively the invasion of pathogens; however, these vaccines are less effective against mucosal infections because there is not a sufficient immune response at the mucosa. Most pathogens invade via a mucosal pathway (oral, intranasal, or vaginal). It is widely accepted that Lactobacillus species play a critical role as commensals in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Their ability to survive in the digestive tract, their close association with the intestinal epithelium, their immunomodulatory properties and their safety even when consumed in large amounts make lactobacilli attractive candidates for live vehicles for the delivery of immunogens to the intestinal mucosa. The oral or intranasal administration of Lactobacillus-based vaccines is a promising method to control mucosal infection because these vaccines could induce strong humoral and cellular immune responses both in the blood and at mucosal sites.
传统的非胃肠道疫苗可以有效地预防病原体的入侵；然而，这些疫苗对粘膜感染的效果较差，因为粘膜处没有足够的免疫反应。大多数病原体通过粘膜途径（口服、鼻内或阴道）入侵。人们普遍认为，乳酸菌作为胃肠道（GI）中的共生菌起着关键作用。它们在消化道中生存的能力、与肠上皮的密切关联、免疫调节特性以及即使大量摄入也安全，这使得乳酸菌成为将免疫原递送到肠粘膜的活载体的有吸引力的候选物。基于乳酸菌的疫苗的口服或鼻内给药是控制粘膜感染的一种很有前途的方法，因为这些疫苗可以在血液和粘膜部位同时诱导强烈的体液和细胞免疫反应。
