Instituto Superior de Entomología Dr. Abraham Willink, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Miguel Lillo 205, (4000) San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
Parasitol Res. 2013 Mar;112(3):1237-46. doi: 10.1007/s00436-012-3256-4. Epub 2013 Jan 16.
The efficacy of an ultralow volume formulation (ULV) and fumigant canister, containing both permethrin and pyriproxyfen, was compared with that of standard permethrin applications in a field assay conducted in Banda del Río Salí, Tucumán (north-western Argentina). Five treatment areas were established: first area was sprayed with a ULV formulation of 10 % permethrin, a second area was treated using a fumigant canister containing 10 % permethrin and 3 % pyriproxyfen, the third area was sprayed with a ULV formulation of 10 % permethrin and 3 % pyriproxyfen, the fourth area with ULV formulation of 10 % permethrin using a portable aerosol generator and the fifth area was a left untreated area. Immature and adult Aedes aegypti individuals placed in containers and sentinel cages were positioned within the treated and control areas. The effects of treatment and time on larval, pupal and adult survival were tested. We also investigated the effects of treatment and time on the numbers of larval and pupal deaths, on the proportion of larvae that metamorphosed into pupae and adults, and on the proportion of dead adults. Larval A. aegypti survivorship in 250 mL containers revealed a significant treatment effect and significant treatment × time interaction 2 and 24 h after the application of the ULV treatment with 10 % permethrin using the portable aerosol generator. The number of dead larvae in 20 L containers differed significantly by treatment and by time. ULV treatment with 10 % permethrin and 10 % permethrin plus 3 % pyriproxyfen using the cold fogger truck mount ULV resulted in the greatest numbers of dead larvae; most larvae died 2 weeks after application. Adult A. aegypti mortality in all treatments did not differ significantly 2 and 24 h after application. In addition, we found no significant differences in adult mortality between cages exposed at 3 m and those at 6 m from the ULV application line. However, there was a significant difference in adult mortality between the 10 % permethrin treatment applied with cold fogger truck mount ULV and that applied using the portable aerosol generator (P < 0.001). The larval index known as Breteau index (BI) was higher before treatment than after treatment in different areas. After the treatments, the lowest value of BI was observed in the area treated with the fumigant canister formulation, and a long-lasting effect was observed with the formulation of 10 % permethrin and 3 % pyriproxyfen.
在阿根廷西北部的班达德尔里奥萨利（Banda del Río Salí）进行的实地试验中，比较了超低容量制剂（ULV）和烟熏罐（包含氯菊酯和吡丙醚）的功效，该制剂的浓度均为 10%。设立了五个处理区：第一区用 10%氯菊酯的 ULV 制剂喷雾，第二区用含有 10%氯菊酯和 3%吡丙醚的烟熏罐处理，第三区用 10%氯菊酯和 3%吡丙醚的 ULV 制剂喷雾，第四区用便携式气溶胶发生器喷雾 10%氯菊酯的 ULV 制剂，第五区为未处理区。将处于幼虫和成虫阶段的埃及伊蚊个体放在容器和监测笼中，并放置在处理区和对照区。检测了处理和时间对幼虫、蛹和成虫存活率的影响。我们还研究了处理和时间对幼虫和蛹死亡数量、幼虫变为蛹和成虫的比例以及死亡成虫数量的影响。应用便携式气溶胶发生器进行 250 毫升容器中的幼虫 A. aegypti 存活率显示，在 ULV 处理后 2 和 24 小时，处理效果和处理与时间的交互作用均具有显著影响。在 20 升容器中，幼虫死亡数量因处理和时间而异。使用冷雾器卡车式超低容量喷雾器处理 10%氯菊酯和 10%氯菊酯加 3%吡丙醚，导致死亡幼虫数量最多；大多数幼虫在应用后两周死亡。所有处理中，成虫 A. aegypti 的死亡率在应用后 2 和 24 小时均无显著差异。此外，在距离 ULV 施药线 3 米和 6 米处暴露的笼中，成虫死亡率没有显著差异。然而，使用冷雾器卡车式超低容量喷雾器处理 10%氯菊酯与使用便携式气溶胶发生器处理之间的成虫死亡率有显著差异（P<0.001）。布雷特乌指数（BI）作为幼虫指数，在不同区域中，处理前高于处理后。处理后，烟熏罐制剂处理区的 BI 值最低，且 10%氯菊酯和 3%吡丙醚制剂的效果持久。
