Shurson G C, Ku P K, Waxler G L, Yokoyama M T, Miller E R
Anim. Sci. Dept., Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824.
J Anim Sci. 1990 Apr;68(4):1061-71. doi: 10.2527/1990.6841061x.
Ten germ-free pigs and 10 conventionally reared pigs were fed one of two nutritionally balanced diets containing either 16 ppm Cu (basal) or 283 ppm Cu (high-Cu) to evaluate the physiological relationships between Cu and microbiological environment. Germ-free pigs tended to have higher ADG and average daily feed intake (ADFI) than conventionally reared pigs. Feeding the high-Cu diet tended to reduce ADG and ADFI in germ-free pigs but it increased ADG and ADFI in conventionally reared pigs. Hemoglobin and hematocrit were higher in germ-free pigs than in conventionally reared pigs (P less than .001), and hematocrit (P less than .01) and erythrocyte count (P less than .06) were reduced by feeding the high-Cu diet. Germ-free pigs had lower total leukocyte count (P less than .01) and the relative percentages of differentiated leukocytes were altered compared with conventionally reared pigs. Feeding the high-Cu diet increased the percentage of band neutrophils and monocytes in germ-free pigs but reduced the percentage of these cells in conventionally reared pigs (P less than .04). Germ-free pigs had higher concentrations of Cu and Zn in liver and plasma (P less than .001) and greater plasma ceruloplasmin oxidase activity (P less than .001) than conventionally reared pigs did. The high-Cu diet increased liver Cu and Zn (P less than .001) and plasma Cu (P less than .001) and reduced liver and plasma Fe (P less than .05). Organ weights (g/kg BW) differed between germ-free and conventionally reared pigs, and feeding the high-Cu diet reduced thymus weights (P less than .002). Intestinal weight and thickness were reduced in germ-free pigs, and feeding the high-Cu diet generally reduced villus height and width and crypt depth in germ-free pigs, whereas it increased these measurements in conventionally reared pigs.
将10头无菌猪和10头常规饲养的猪分为两组，分别饲喂两种营养均衡的日粮，日粮中铜含量分别为16 ppm（基础日粮）或283 ppm（高铜日粮），以评估铜与微生物环境之间的生理关系。无菌猪的平均日增重（ADG）和平均日采食量（ADFI）往往高于常规饲养的猪。饲喂高铜日粮往往会降低无菌猪的ADG和ADFI，但会增加常规饲养猪的ADG和ADFI。无菌猪的血红蛋白和血细胞比容高于常规饲养的猪（P＜0.001），饲喂高铜日粮会使血细胞比容（P＜0.01）和红细胞计数（P＜0.06）降低。无菌猪的总白细胞计数较低（P＜0.01），与常规饲养的猪相比，分化白细胞的相对百分比发生了改变。饲喂高铜日粮会增加无菌猪中带状中性粒细胞和单核细胞的百分比，但会降低常规饲养猪中这些细胞的百分比（P＜0.04）。无菌猪肝脏和血浆中的铜和锌浓度较高（P＜0.001），血浆铜蓝蛋白氧化酶活性也高于常规饲养的猪（P＜0.001）。高铜日粮会增加肝脏中的铜和锌（P＜0.001）以及血浆中的铜（P＜0.001），并降低肝脏和血浆中的铁（P＜0.05）。无菌猪和常规饲养猪的器官重量（g/kg体重）有所不同，饲喂高铜日粮会降低胸腺重量（P＜0.002）。无菌猪的肠道重量和厚度降低，饲喂高铜日粮通常会降低无菌猪的绒毛高度和宽度以及隐窝深度，而在常规饲养的猪中则会增加这些测量值。
