Veum T L, Carlson M S, Wu C W, Bollinger D W, Ellersieck M R
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211-5300, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2004 Apr;82(4):1062-70. doi: 10.2527/2004.8241062x.
Two 28-d experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of low dietary concentrations of Cu as Cu-proteinate compared with 250 ppm Cu as CuSO4 with growth performance, plasma Cu concentrations, and Cu balance of weanling swine as the criteria. In the production study (Exp. 1), 240 crossbred pigs that averaged 19.8 d of age and 6.31 kg BW initially were group-fed (two or three pigs per pen) the basal diets (Phase 1: d 0 to 14 and Phase 2: d 14 to 28) supplemented with 0 (control), 25, 50, 100, or 200 ppm Cu as Cu-proteinate, or 250 ppm Cu as CuSO4 (as-fed basis). The basal diets contained 16.5 ppm Cu supplied as CuSO4 before supplementation with Cu-proteinate or 250 ppm Cu as CuSO4. There were quadratic responses (P < or = 0.05) in ADFI and ADG for wk 1, Phases 1 and 2, and overall because ADFI was higher for pigs fed 25 or 50 ppm Cu as Cu-proteinate, and ADG increased with increasing Cu-proteinate up to 50 ppm Cu. The Cu-proteinate treatment groups combined had a higher (P < or = 0.05) Phase 2 and overall ADFI and ADG than the CuSO4 group. In the mineral balance study (Exp. 2), 20 crossbred barrows that averaged 35 d of age and 11.2 kg/BW initially were placed in individual metabolism pens with total urine and fecal grab sample collections on d 22 to 26. Treatments were the basal Phase 2 diet supplemented with 0, 50, or 100 ppm Cu as Cu-proteinate, or 250 ppm Cu as CuSO4 (as-fed basis). Treatments did not differ in growth performance criteria. There were linear increases (P < 0.001) in Cu absorption, retention, and excretion (milligrams per day) with increasing Cu-proteinate. Pigs fed 100 ppm Cu as Cu-proteinate absorbed and retained more Cu and excreted less Cu (mg/d, P < or = 0.003) than pigs fed 250 ppm Cu as CuSO4. Plasma Cu concentrations increased linearly (P = 0.06) with increasing Cu-proteinate. In conclusion, weanling pig growth performance was increased by 50 or 100 ppm Cu as Cu-proteinate in our production Exp. 1, but not in our balance Exp. 2, compared with 250 ppm Cu as CuSO4. However, 50 or 100 ppm Cu as Cu-proteinate increased Cu absorption and retention, and decreased Cu excretion 77 and 61%, respectively, compared with 250 ppm Cu as CuSO4.
进行了两项为期28天的试验，以评估低日粮浓度的蛋白铜与250 ppm硫酸铜相比，对断奶仔猪生长性能、血浆铜浓度和铜平衡的影响。在生产试验（试验1）中，240头平均初始年龄为19.8天、体重为6.31 kg的杂交猪被分栏饲养（每栏2或3头猪），基础日粮（第1阶段：0至14天；第2阶段：14至28天）添加0（对照）、25、50、100或200 ppm的蛋白铜，或250 ppm的硫酸铜（按采食基础）。在添加蛋白铜或250 ppm硫酸铜之前，基础日粮中含有16.5 ppm以硫酸铜形式提供的铜。第1周、第1阶段和第2阶段以及总体上，平均日采食量（ADFI）和平均日增重（ADG）存在二次反应（P≤0.05），因为采食25或50 ppm蛋白铜的猪ADFI较高，且ADG随蛋白铜增加至50 ppm而升高。蛋白铜处理组组合在第2阶段和总体上的ADFI和ADG高于硫酸铜组（P≤0.05）。在矿物质平衡试验（试验2）中，20头平均初始年龄为35天、体重为11.2 kg的杂交公猪被安置在个体代谢笼中，在第22至26天收集全部尿液和粪便抓样。处理方式为基础第2阶段日粮添加0、50或100 ppm的蛋白铜，或250 ppm的硫酸铜（按采食基础）。各处理在生长性能指标上无差异。随着蛋白铜添加量增加，铜的吸收、保留和排泄（毫克/天）呈线性增加（P<0.001）。采食100 ppm蛋白铜的猪比采食250 ppm硫酸铜的猪吸收和保留更多的铜，排泄更少的铜（毫克/天，P≤0.003）。血浆铜浓度随蛋白铜添加量增加呈线性增加（P = 0.06）。总之，在我们的生产试验1中，与250 ppm硫酸铜相比，50或100 ppm的蛋白铜提高了断奶仔猪的生长性能，但在平衡试验2中未提高。然而，与250 ppm硫酸铜相比，50或100 ppm的蛋白铜分别使铜的吸收和保留增加，铜排泄减少77%和61%。
