Jensen Anne Grete Claudi
Arbejds- og Miljømedicinsk afdeling, Bispebjerg Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400 Copenhagen, NV, Denmark.
Work. 2013;44(2):165-75. doi: 10.3233/WOR-121497.
Validation of a salutogenic theory for return to work (RTW) and an associated program process theory.
A longitudinal non-randomized one-year trial study design was used with a two-year follow-up and with comparison to a reference group. Changes in attitudes and active behaviour in the intervention group and at the workplace were supported by cognitive and behavioural approaches.
The intervention group included 118 unskilled Danish public employees and privately employed house-cleaners on sick leave due to musculoskeletal and/or common mental illnesses.
Significant improvements of work ability index and perceived health (SF36 subgroups) were reported. A significantly higher RTW and a shorter sick leave than in the reference group also emerged. Positive predictors of RTW were keeping the pre-sick-leave job and improving work ability index and physical impairment/role physical. Decline in self-efficacy was a negative predictor.
Support for the theory and associated program process theory was found. The intervention seemed to influence RTW and the employees' attitudes, behaviour and health by affecting comprehensibility, meaningfulness and manageability. Sustainable RTW emerged from a synergism of support from the work place and improved personal resources, especially such as concern mental health. The approach is consistent with integrating health promotion in RTW.
验证一种促进健康的重返工作岗位（RTW）理论及相关的项目过程理论。
采用纵向非随机的一年期试验研究设计，进行为期两年的随访，并与一个参照组进行比较。干预组及工作场所的态度和积极行为的改变得到了认知和行为方法的支持。
干预组包括118名因肌肉骨骼疾病和/或常见精神疾病而休病假的丹麦非技术公共部门雇员和私人雇佣的家庭清洁工。
报告显示工作能力指数和感知健康（SF36亚组）有显著改善。与参照组相比，RTW显著更高，病假更短。RTW的积极预测因素是保留病假前的工作、提高工作能力指数以及身体损伤/身体角色。自我效能感下降是一个负面预测因素。
该理论及相关的项目过程理论得到了支持。干预似乎通过影响可理解性、意义性和可管理性来影响RTW以及员工的态度、行为和健康。可持续的RTW源自工作场所支持与个人资源改善（尤其是关注心理健康）的协同作用。该方法与将健康促进融入RTW一致。
