Siu Andrew M H, Hung Anchor, Lam Ada Y L, Cheng Andy
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
Work. 2013;45(1):107-15. doi: 10.3233/WOR-121550.
This study investigates the workplace experiences of people with chronic diseases, including their work limitations, emotional health, concerns about discrimination, and support from colleagues and employer. This study identifies the factors that contribute to work adjustment (job tenure and job satisfaction).
A purposive sample of 136 persons aged 18 to 60 with chronic diseases who had been employed in the past 6 months completed a survey about their workplace experience. The questionnaire included several standardized instruments: the Perceived Health and Self-efficacy in Managing Chronic Disease Scale, Work Limitations Questionnaire, Overall Job Satisfaction Scale, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21. The researchers also designed original items to measure concerns about discriminatory practices, workplace support, and self-stigma.
Persons with chronic diseases were fairly satisfied with their jobs and had extended stays in those jobs. They reported a minor productivity loss and physical limitations. Most participants let co-workers, employers, and supervisors know they had chronic disease, but they were concerned about the support those people provide. Participants were more likely to be highly satisfied with their jobs if they had high self-efficacy in managing their disease, perceived more workplace support, and had less work limitations (especially output demands). Job tenure is associated age, education, and monthly income, but not clinical indicators.
Persons with chronic disease who were able to maintain good work adjustment tended to be "fit" with few work limitations and little emotional distress. The key factors affecting work adjustment were efficacy in managing their disease, workplace support, and output demands.
本研究调查了慢性病患者的职场经历，包括他们的工作限制、情绪健康、对歧视的担忧以及同事和雇主的支持。本研究确定了有助于工作适应（工作任期和工作满意度）的因素。
从136名年龄在18至60岁之间、患有慢性病且在过去6个月内有工作经历的人中选取了一个有目的的样本，让他们完成一份关于职场经历的调查问卷。问卷包括几种标准化工具：慢性病管理中的感知健康和自我效能感量表、工作限制问卷、总体工作满意度量表以及抑郁焦虑压力量表-21。研究人员还设计了原始项目来衡量对歧视行为、职场支持和自我污名化的担忧。
慢性病患者对工作相当满意，并且在这些工作岗位上停留的时间较长。他们报告生产力有轻微损失以及身体有一些限制。大多数参与者告知了同事、雇主和主管他们患有慢性病，但他们担心这些人提供的支持。如果患者在疾病管理方面有较高的自我效能感、感受到更多职场支持且工作限制较少（尤其是产出要求方面），那么他们对工作更有可能高度满意。工作任期与年龄、教育程度和月收入相关，但与临床指标无关。
能够保持良好工作适应的慢性病患者往往“状态良好”，工作限制少且情绪困扰小。影响工作适应的关键因素是疾病管理效能、职场支持和产出要求。
