Huang Chiu-Mieh, Wu Hsein-Lin, Huang Shu-He, Chien Li-Yin, Guo Jong-Long
1 School of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Eur J Public Health. 2013 Oct;23(5):777-82. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/cks177. Epub 2013 Jan 15.
We evaluated the effectiveness of a transtheoretical model (TTM)-based passive smoking prevention programme developed to enhance passive smoking avoidance among pregnant women and women with young children in Taiwan.
Subjects were pregnant women recruited from the obstetrics/gynaecology department and women with children younger than age 3 recruited from the paediatrics department of four hospitals in Taiwan. Participants were randomly assigned to a group receiving a TTM-based intervention programme or a comparison group receiving routine care. The intervention programme consisted of educational materials and phone counselling. Baseline assessment and post-test data were collected from both groups using a self-reported questionnaire developed based on stages of change related to readiness for passive smoking avoidance.
Determinants of change, post-test scores of knowledge, experiential and behavioural processes and self-efficacy were significantly different between the intervention group and comparison group among both pregnant women and mothers. Among pregnant women, the intervention group had significantly higher post-test scores than the comparison group. The distribution of percentages in three stages of change (Precontemplation, Contemplation/Preparation and Action/Maintenance) was significantly different between the two groups among both pregnant women and mothers. However, a higher percentage of mothers made progress in stages of change compared with pregnant women.
A TTM-based intervention programme was potentially effective in passive smoking prevention by improving knowledge, experiential and behavioural processes and self-efficacy among pregnant women and women with young children. A higher percentage of mothers with young children had progressed in stages of change post-intervention compared with pregnant women.
我们评估了一种基于跨理论模型（TTM）的被动吸烟预防计划的有效性，该计划旨在提高台湾孕妇和有幼儿的妇女对被动吸烟的避免能力。
研究对象为从台湾四家医院的妇产科招募的孕妇以及从儿科招募的3岁以下儿童的母亲。参与者被随机分为接受基于TTM的干预计划的组或接受常规护理的对照组。干预计划包括教育材料和电话咨询。使用基于与避免被动吸烟准备状态相关的改变阶段制定的自我报告问卷，从两组收集基线评估和测试后数据。
孕妇和母亲中，干预组和对照组在改变的决定因素、知识测试后得分、体验和行为过程以及自我效能方面存在显著差异。在孕妇中，干预组的测试后得分显著高于对照组。在孕妇和母亲中，两组在三个改变阶段（前意向、意向/准备和行动/维持）的百分比分布存在显著差异。然而，与孕妇相比，母亲在改变阶段取得进展的比例更高。
基于TTM的干预计划通过提高孕妇和有幼儿的妇女的知识、体验和行为过程以及自我效能，在预防被动吸烟方面可能有效。与孕妇相比，干预后有幼儿的母亲在改变阶段取得进展的比例更高。
