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通过母亲的行动保护患病儿童免受被动吸烟影响:一项护理干预的随机对照试验

Protecting sick children from exposure to passive smoking through mothers' actions: a randomized controlled trial of a nursing intervention.

作者信息

Chan Sophia, Lam Tai Hing

机构信息

Department of Nursing Studies, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

出版信息

J Adv Nurs. 2006 May;54(4):440-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.03842.x.

Abstract

AIMS

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a nursing educational intervention with mothers of sick children to decrease passive smoking exposure.

BACKGROUND

Passive smoking represents a serious health hazard and is a substantial threat to child health causing major risk factors for acute respiratory illness in children. Nurses are in a vital position to conduct health education to improve children's health, which is a legitimate activity in a pediatric ward.

METHODS

A randomized controlled trial was conducted in the general paediatric wards of four major hospitals in Hong Kong. The participants were non-smoking mothers of sick children admitted to the paediatric ward and with smoking husbands living in the same household.

FINDINGS

A total of 1483 women were randomized into the intervention (n = 752) and control (n = 731) group. The intervention group received from the nurses (1) standardized health advice; (2) two purpose-designed booklets about preventing exposure to passive smoking and helping fathers quit; (3) a no smoking sticker; and (4) a telephone reminder 1 week later. No intervention was given to the controls. Baseline comparison showed no significant differences between the two groups in the mothers' actions to protect the children from passive smoking exposure. More mothers in the intervention group than the control group had always moved the children away when they were exposed to the fathers' smoke at home at 3-month follow up (78.4% vs. 71.1%; P = 0.01) but became non-significant at 6 and 12 months.

CONCLUSIONS

A simple health education intervention provided by nurses to the mothers in a busy clinical setting can be effective in the short-term to motivate the mothers to take actions to protect the children from exposure to passive smoking produced by the fathers.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在评估针对患病儿童母亲开展的护理教育干预措施在减少被动吸烟暴露方面的效果。

背景

被动吸烟对健康构成严重危害,是儿童健康的重大威胁,会引发儿童急性呼吸道疾病的主要危险因素。护士在开展健康教育以改善儿童健康方面处于关键地位,这在儿科病房是一项合理的活动。

方法

在香港四家主要医院的普通儿科病房进行了一项随机对照试验。参与者为入住儿科病房、丈夫在家中吸烟且自己不吸烟的患病儿童的母亲。

结果

共有1483名女性被随机分为干预组(n = 752)和对照组(n = 731)。干预组从护士处获得:(1)标准化健康建议;(2)两本专门设计的关于预防被动吸烟暴露和帮助父亲戒烟的手册;(3)一张禁烟贴纸;(4)1周后的电话提醒。对照组未接受任何干预。基线比较显示,两组在母亲保护孩子免受被动吸烟暴露的行为方面无显著差异。在3个月随访时,干预组中更多母亲在孩子在家中接触父亲吸烟时会将孩子带离(78.4%对71.1%;P = 0.01),但在6个月和12个月时差异不显著。

结论

在繁忙的临床环境中,护士为母亲提供的简单健康教育干预措施在短期内可有效促使母亲采取行动保护孩子免受父亲产生的被动吸烟暴露。

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