Schepens Eye Research Institute and Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2013 Mar;57(2):150-5. doi: 10.1007/s10384-012-0228-2. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
Glycosylation is an important and common form of posttranscriptional modification of proteins in cells. During the last decade, a vast array of biological functions has been ascribed to glycans because of a rapid evolution in glycomic technologies. Glycogenes that are highly expressed at the human ocular surface include families of glycosyltransferases, proteoglycans, and glycan degradation proteins, as well as mucins and carbohydrate-binding proteins, such as the galectins. On the apical glycocalyx, mucin O-glycans promote boundary lubrication, prevent bacterial adhesion and endocytic activity, and maintain epithelial barrier function through interactions with galectins. The emerging roles attributed to glycans are contributing to the appreciation of their biological capabilities at the ocular surface.
糖基化是细胞内蛋白质转录后修饰的一种重要且常见的形式。在过去的十年中，由于糖组学技术的快速发展，大量的生物功能被归因于聚糖。在人眼表面高度表达的糖基因包括糖基转移酶、蛋白聚糖和聚糖降解蛋白家族，以及粘蛋白和碳水化合物结合蛋白，如半乳糖凝集素。在上皮细胞顶膜糖萼中，粘蛋白 O-聚糖通过与半乳糖凝集素的相互作用促进边界润滑、防止细菌黏附和内吞作用，并维持上皮屏障功能。聚糖的作用正在被人们重新认识，这有助于人们了解其在眼表面的生物学功能。
