Department of Hematology/Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Blood. 2013 Mar 21;121(12):2347-51. doi: 10.1182/blood-2012-06-437640. Epub 2013 Jan 16.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection following allogeneic bone marrow transplant (allo-BMT) is controlled by donor-derived cellular immunity. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) suppresses Th1 immunity. We hypothesized that blocking VIP-signaling would enhance anti-CMV immunity in murine recipients of allo-BMT. Recipients were transplanted with bone marrow (BM) and T-cells from major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-mismatched VIP-knockout (KO) or wild-type donors, and treated with 7 daily subcutaneous injections of VIPhyb (peptidic VIP-antagonist) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Genetic and pharmacological blockade of VIP-signaling protected allo-BMT recipients from lethal murine CMV (mCMV) infection, improving survival without increasing graft-versus-host disease. Mice treated with VIPhyb or transplanted with VIP-KO allografts had significantly lower viral loads, increased numbers of mCMV-M45-peptide-MHC-tetramer(+) CD8(+) T-cells, with lower PD-1 expression, and enhanced primary and secondary cellular immune responses after mCMV infection than did PBS-treated mice. These results demonstrate that administration of a VIP antagonist after allo-BMT is a promising safely therapeutic approach to enhance antiviral cellular immunity.
巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染在异基因骨髓移植(allo-BMT)后受到供体源性细胞免疫的控制。血管活性肠肽(VIP)抑制 Th1 免疫。我们假设阻断 VIP 信号会增强 allo-BMT 小鼠受者的抗 CMV 免疫。受者接受来自主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)错配 VIP 敲除(KO)或野生型供体的骨髓(BM)和 T 细胞移植,并接受 7 天的皮下 VIPhyb(肽 VIP 拮抗剂)或磷酸盐缓冲盐水(PBS)治疗。VIP 信号的遗传和药理学阻断可保护 allo-BMT 受者免受致命性小鼠 CMV(mCMV)感染,提高存活率而不增加移植物抗宿主病。用 VIPhyb 治疗或移植 VIP-KO 同种异体移植物的小鼠的病毒载量显著降低,mCMV-M45-肽-MHC-四聚体(+)CD8(+)T 细胞数量增加,PD-1 表达降低,在 mCMV 感染后增强了原发性和继发性细胞免疫反应,而 PBS 治疗的小鼠则没有。这些结果表明,allo-BMT 后给予 VIP 拮抗剂是一种有前途的安全治疗方法,可增强抗病毒细胞免疫。